Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology II Test 1 jourdan > Physio II Lecture 4 > Flashcards

Physio II Lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

the Primary somatosensory are is made up of?

A

Brodmann’s Areas 1, 2, & 3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the Somatosensory ASSOCIATION area is made up?

A

Brodmann’s areas 5 and 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bilateral excision in Somatosensory area I results in Astereognosis. A term that describes one’s loss of ability to do what?

A

judge shapes or forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

a Bilateral cut in the Somatosensory area I will preserve these senses but they will be poorly localized

A

Pain and Temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Removal of somatosensory II has no apparent effect on the response of neurons in?

A

Somatosensory area I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The somatosensory area II (SSAII) receives signals from?

A
  1. Brain stem, transmitted Up and bilaterally2. secondarily from SSAII (somatosensory area II) 3. Visual, Auditory, and other sensory areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

these layers of the Somatosensory cortex send information through the corpus callosum to the opposite hemisphere

A

layers II and III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the Superficial layers of the SS cortex function in?

A

receiving input signals from lower brain centers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Axons from layer VI in the SS cortex project into this part of the Brain

A

Thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

large neurons from this layer in the SS cortex project to distant areas such as basal nuclei, brain stem, and spinal cord

A

layer V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Receptor potentials are created in response to membrane deformation caused by touch or pressure that will open these channels

A

Modality gated sodium channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

if the receptor potential is strong enough, through Summation, it may generate an action potential at the first?

A

Node of Ranvier on the primary sensory neuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Primary neurons are?

A

first order neurons. they originate from peripheral receptors and enter the spinal cord or brain via Dorsal roots of spinal/cranial nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Primary neurons synapse in the spinal cord with?

A

secondary neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the cell bodies of Primary neurons are located in the?

A

Dorsal root ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

these neurons originate in spinal cord gray matter, travel through myelinated columns in the spinal cord, decussate, and synapse in the thalamus with Tertiary neurons

A

Secondary neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Tertiary neurons travel through internal capsule, which is a myelinated pathway between thalamus and basal nuclei, to synapse in?

A

the somatosensory cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

this touch refers to the ability to distinguish two separate points as close as 2mm apart.

A

Two-Point Discrimination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

two Point discrimination travels in the?

A

Dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

why is Lateral inhibition important in the Cerebral cortex?

A

blocks the lateral spread of excitatory signals, thereby increasing the degree of contrast in the cerebral cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Lateral inhibition occurs at these three sites

A

Dorsal Column nuclei
Ventrobasal nuclei of thalamus
somatosensory cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Peripheral sensory neurons originate from?

A

receptors in the periphery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the Dorsal Column-medial lemniscal pathway also carries these neurons

A

Primary neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Axons from the lower limbs travel in the medial portions of the two dorsal columns called the?

A

fasciculus Gracilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

axons from the Upper limbs travel in the lateral portions of the two dorsal columns called the?

A

fasciculus Cuneatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

axons in the fasciculus gracilis synapse in the lower medulla in the?

A

Nucleus gracilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

axons in the fasciculus cuneatus synapse in the lower medulla in the?

A

Nucleus cuneatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Secondary neurons travel through the brain stem as paired tracts referred to as the?

A

medial lemniscus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Secondary neurons synapse in this part of the brain with Tertiary neurons

A

basolateral nucleus of the Thalamus

30
Q

Decussation occurs with these neurons

A

Secondary

31
Q

primary sensory neurons travel (up/down) through dorsal columns of spinal cord into (upper/lower) Medulla and synapsing with _____ in the nucleus gracilis and the nucleus cuneatus of the medulla

A

uplowerSecondary neurons

32
Q

Secondary neurons ascend up the brainstem to the?

A

Thalamus

33
Q

tertiary neurons synapse with secondary neurons in the Thalamus and travel to?

A

Somatosensory cortex

34
Q

Nociceptors are what type of receptor

A

pain receptor

35
Q

Fast pain is carried by?

A

A-Delta pain fibers

36
Q

A-delta pain fibers typically terminate in____ of the dorsal horns of the spinal cord

A

Lamina I marginalis

37
Q

Slow pain is carried by?

A

C type fibers

38
Q

This type of pain is described as aching, slow burning, throbbing, nauseous, and chronic

A

Slow pain

39
Q

Slow pain terminates in____of the dorsal horns of the spinal cord

A

Layers II and III (Substantia gelatinosa)

40
Q

Nerve fiber type C is classified as sensory nerve? and associated with this motor function

A

IV-sympathetic

41
Q

which path does Pain travel?

A

Anterolateral pathway

42
Q

anterolateral pain pathway is made up of?

A

Secondary fibers that decussate

43
Q

fast pain fibers make up these tracts and synapse/terminate in the Ventrobasal nuclei of the Thalamus

A

Neospinothalamic

44
Q

slow pain fibers make up this pathway

A

Paleospinothalamic

45
Q

A-delta fibers of the fast pain path use this amino acid as their Neurotransmitter

A

Glutamate

46
Q

where do most paleospinothalamic secondary fibers terminate?

A

throughout the brain stem, but some pass all the way to the thalamus.

47
Q

C type slow fibers release substance P faster than Glutamate. T or F?

A

false, substance P is released more slowly while Glutamate acts instantaneously

48
Q

What occurs as the result of a Hemisection of the spinal cord?

A

Brown-Sequard Syndrome

49
Q

All ____ functions are blocked on the side of the transection in all segments (above or Below) the level of the transection

A

Motor, below

50
Q

In Brown-Sequard Syndrome, which sensations are lost?

A

pain, heat, and cold in the Spinothalamic pathway are lost on the opposite side of the body in Dermatomes 2-6 segments below the transection level.

51
Q

Can you lose two-point discrimination in Brown-Sequard Syndrome?

A

yes, on the side of the transection in all dermatomes below the transection

52
Q

Periaquaductal Gray and Periventricular regions of Brainstem and third ventricleRaphe magnus nucleus and reticular nuclei in MedullaPAIN inhibitory complex in dorsal horns of spinal cord.are three major components of this System

A

The Analgesia System

53
Q

What type of neuron is from the Nucleus raphe magnus?

A

Serotonergic neuron

54
Q

What are the three types of receptors that Discriminate thermal gradations

A

cold, warmth, and Pain

55
Q

Warmth nerve endings are mainly transmitted by?

A

C type Fibers

56
Q

Cold receptors are more numerous than warm nerve receptors and transmitted by?

A

small, type A-delta myelinated endings.

57
Q

Thermal signals are transmitted in pathways parallel to?

A

pain signals

58
Q

cold and warmth receptors are thought to be stimulated by changes in?

A

metabolic rates

59
Q

Heat pain receptors kick in around 45 degrees celsius and send how many impulses per second?

A

10

60
Q

cold receptors stop sending signals at what temp?

A

right before heat pain receptors kick in. ~45 celsius

61
Q

this pain type occurs when visceral pain fibers are stimulated and stimulate some of the pain fibers that conduct pain signals from the skin.

A

Referred pain

62
Q

All visceral pain from the Thoracic and abdominal cavities is transmitted by?

A

C type pain fibers

63
Q

Severe Referred pain results when there is diffuse stimulation of pain nerve endings throughout the viscera caused by such things as?

A

Ischemia- a restriction of blood supply to tissues. usually from thrombosis and can lead to Myocardial Infarction (heart attack) or Cerebrovascular attack (Stroke)

64
Q

Ascending tracts are designated on which side?

A

the RIGHT

65
Q

descending tracts are designated on which side?

A

the LEFT

66
Q

Spinothalamic is a descending or ascending tract?

A

ascending. going from the SPINE to the Thalamus. see the word roots? should help you figure it out.

67
Q

the result of pain referred to the surface of the head from deep head structures are called?

A

Headaches

68
Q

The Brain is Insensitive to pain. True or False

A

true. so don’t poke it! the reason why Brain surgery is performed while the patient is under a light Anesthesia for the skin and skull

69
Q

What are the three areas of Headache?

A

Cerebral VaultNasal sinus and eyeBrain stem and Cerebellar vault

70
Q

esophogeal pain or Gastric reflex can be referred pain for what other major event?

A

a Heart problem- possibly heart attack

Physiology II Test 1 jourdan (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions