Physio: Blood/Immunity Flashcards
Which among the following can be transported via both the paracellular and transcellular pathway?
Select one:
a. Sodium
b. Calcium
c. Potassium
d. Water
d. Water
In what type of patient is iron supplementation necessary?
Select one:
a. a male teenager who participates in sports
b. a pregnant on her 20th week of gestation
c. a mother who stopped breastfeeding 5 months ago
d. a male teacher who goes to class from 8am to 3pm
b. a pregnant on her 20th week of gestation
A 40 year old male went to Istanbul and had 5 day fever, flank pain, and painful urination. On physical examination, there was kidney punch test on both areas of the kidneys. Urinalysis showed too numerous to count pus cells. His private MD signed out the case as acute pyelonephritis. Which is a FALSE statement about this case?
Select one:
a. Polymorphonuclear cells will be predominant in the differential count.
b. The neutrophils can be a surrogate for an acute bacterial cause of infection.
c. Neutrophils are released from the bone marrow maturely and can perform phagocytosis.
d. Lymphocytes will be predominant in the differential count.
d. Lymphocytes will be predominant in the differential count.
Which of the following will increase the risk of bleeding
Select one:
a. prolonged sitting
b. severing the common bile duct
c. atherosclerosis
d. polycythemia
b. severing the common bile duct
Which is/are a CORRECT statement/s about HIV infection?
Select one:
a. CXCR4 and CCR5 ar the two coreceptors for HIV infection.
b. Budding is the penultimate step in the life cycle of HIV.
c. ALL STATEMENTS ARE CORRECT.
d. HIV infection targets the CD8 cells, leading to profound immunosuppression.
a. CXCR4 and CCR5 ar the two coreceptors for HIV infection.
Choose the correct pair:
Select one:
a. Steroids-Catalytic receptor
b. Epinephrine-Ionotropic receptor
c. Insulin-Tyrosine kinase receptor
d. Insulin-Metabotropic receptor
c. Insulin-Tyrosine kinase receptor
A 67 year old anti-vaxxer is very against about receiving COVID 19 vaccine for unknown reasons. As a physician, how can you explain in a CORRECT statement about COVID 19 vaccination?
Select one:
a. COVID 19 vaccine is a form of active immunization that will require series of doses to make our body produce more memory cells in the succeeding doses.
b. COVID 19 vaccine is a form of passive immunization that can give immediate protection.
c. COVID 19 vaccine is a form of active immunization that can give very robust response after one dose.
d. COVID 19 vaccine is a form of passive immunization that stimulates our bodies to produce our own immune response
a. COVID 19 vaccine is a form of active immunization that will require series of doses to make our body produce more memory cells in the succeeding doses.
Which is an INCORRECT statement about the WBC?
Select one:
a. Eosinophils will liberate major basic proteins to digest parasites.
b. Neutrophils have shorter lifespan than macrophages.
c. Basophils are agranulocytes and can be increased due to an allergic reaction.
d. Polymorphonuclear cells are increased in acute bacterial infections.
c. Basophils are agranulocytes and can be increased due to an allergic reaction.
What refers to the final state of hemostasis?
Select one:
a. cessation of blood loss
b. dissolution of the clot
c. repair of the blood vessel
d. formation of blood clot
c. repair of the blood vessel
The amphipathic nature of the phospholipid molecule is critical for the formation of the bilayer:
Select one:
a. Both the polar head groups and hydrophobic fatty acyl chains are exposed on the surface.
b. Both the polar head groups and hydrophobic fatty acyl chains form the core of the bilayer.
c. The polar head groups form the core of the bilayer, and hydrophobic fatty acyl chains are exposed on the surface.
d. The hydrophobic fatty acyl chains form the core of the bilayer, and the polar head groups are exposed ! on the surface.
d. The hydrophobic fatty acyl chains form the core of the bilayer, and the polar head groups are exposed ! on the surface.
A patient sought consult because of palor and increased heart rate. Her CBC revealed a hemoglobin count of 8.5 g/dl and her hematocrit was 0.27. Her peripheral blood smear revealed macrocytic hyperchromic red blood cells. This patient probably is deficient of –
Select one:
a. folic acid
b. vitamin B6
c. iron
d. erythropoietin
a. folic acid
Which WBC will be most active in a 40 year old married woman with bacterial urinary tract infection?
Select one:
a. macrophages
b. eosinophils
c. basophils
d. segmenters
d. segmenters
Swelling may occur when a blood cell is placed in a:
Select one:
a. Hypotonic solution
b. Isotonic solution
c. Salt solution
d. Hypertonic solution
a. Hypotonic solution
A 77 year old musician in Maastricht, Netherlands ate fishball and suddenly has generalized allergy. His physician diagnosed him of having hypersensitivity reaction secondary to food. Which is an INCORRECT statement about this case?
Select one:
a. The IgE is increased and has a high affinity to mast cells.
b. The basophils and mast cells will be decreased.
c. The eosinophils will migrate to the area with allergic reaction and will be increased in the differential count.
d. The histamine will be liberated by the mast cells leading to itchiness.
b. The basophils and mast cells will be decreased.
The Na-K ATPase is responsible for the isotonic volume regulation by:
Select one:
a. pumping 3 Na out of the cell in exchange for 2 K into the cell.
b. move 3 Na into the cell in exchange for 2 K out of the cell.
c. move 3 K out of the cell in exchange for 2 Na into the cell.
d. move 3 K into the cell in exchange for 2 Na out the cell.
a. pumping 3 Na out of the cell in exchange for 2 K into the cell.
Which is a CORRECT statement about the T cells?
Humoral mediated immunity is responsible for organ transplant rejection.
b. CD4 cells help in the maturation and differentiation of suppressor cells.
c. Suppressor cells will maintain normal homeostasis by preventing helper cells from destroying our own cells.
d. CD4 cells are responsible for the cytotoxic effects by punching holes around the infected cells.
b. CD4 cells help in the maturation and differentiation of suppressor cells.
A 70 y/o man was brought to the emergency room because of severe pallor. He is diagnosed with end stage kidney disease. CBC revealed a hemoglobin count of 5.0 g/dl and a hematocrit of 0.20. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding his present condition?
Select one:
a. liver erythropoietin is enough to compensate
b. the viscosity of the blood is increased
c. this patient can suffer from cardiac failure
d. resistance to blood flow is high
c. this patient can suffer from cardiac failure
A medical student was brought to the emergency room because of severe vomiting resulting from food poisoning. An IV fluid containing normal saline solution was given to the patient. What will happen to the patient’s red blood cells?
Select one:
a. hemolyse
b. swell
c. nothing will happen
d. shrink
c. nothing will happen
An 18 y/o male experiences prolonged bleeding episodes. PT and PTT are normal. What coagulation factor is possibly deficient in this case?
Select one:
a. Factor X
b. Factor I
c. Factor III
d. Factor XIII
d. Factor XIII
A 65 year old concert violinist suffers from Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) infestation. Which is the most likley differential count picture for this man?
Select one:
a. PMN 90 Lymphocytes 5 Monocytes 5 Eosinophil 0 Basophil 0
b. PMN 60 Lymphocytes 40 Monocyte 0 Eosinophil 0 Basophil 0
c. PMN 70 Lymphocytes 20 Monocytes 3 Eosinophil 1 Basophils 2
d. PMN 50 Lymphocytes 20 Monocytes 10 Eosinophils 10 Basophils 10
d. PMN 50 Lymphocytes 20 Monocytes 10 Eosinophils 10 Basophils 10
