Physics year 10 Flashcards
Scalar Quantity
Has a magnitude only
Vector Quantity
Has both a magnitude and direction
Displacement
Final position - initial position (pythag sometimes)
-Is a vector
Speed
distance/time
- m/s or km/h
Velocity
displacement/time
- m/s or m/s^-1 with a direction
Position-time graphs
- Can be used to determine both speed & velocity
- Straight line = object is stopped
- Angle of slope determines speed/velocity
- triangle formula needed sometimes
Velocity-time graphs
- Graph looks like a sideways T
- Velocity of an object over period of time
- When moving from positive to negative object is changing direction
Acceleration
acceleration = change in velocity/time
m/s^2 or m/s^-2
Converting between m/s and km/h
multiply or divide by 3.6
Unit for forces
Newtons
Contact forces (FATSPN)
-Friction
-Air resistance
-Tension
-Spring
-Normal
-Push/pull
Non-contact forces (GEM)
-Gravity
-Electrical forces
-Magnetism
GEM
Net force
Sum of all forces acting upon an object
Balanced & unbalanced force
Balanced = equal/zero
Unbalanced = not equal
Newton’s First Law
An object at rest stays at rest, or in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force
Force due to gravity
Force due to gravity = mass x gravitational field strength
Gravitational potential energy (J) (Joules)
Eg = mass x gravity (9.8m/s2) x change in height
Newton’s Second Law
Force = mass x acceleration
Mass & acceleration inversely proportional
Kinetic Energy (J) (Joules)
Ek = 1/2 x mass x velocity^2
Ek = 1/2mv^2
Newton’s Third Law
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
Potential energy types (CEEG)
-Chemical
-Elastic
-Electrical
-Gravitational
CEEG
Relationship between Kinetic and Potential
Inversely proportional
Force due to gravity
= mass x gravity
Rocket example
⬆force = reaction
🚀
⬇force = action
Forces acting on a person sitting down
⬆normal
🟦
⬇gravity
Forces acting on a car
……………………⬆Normal
Resistance⬅⬜➡➡➡Applied force
…………………..⬇Gravity
