Chemistry Year 10

Question 1

Periods

Answer 1

Across: number of electron shells

Question 2

Groups

Answer 2

Down: number of valence electrons

Question 3

Isotopes

Answer 3

Atoms of the same element, different number of neutrons in the nucleus

Question 4

Group 1 elements

Answer 4

Alkali metals

Question 5

Group 2 elements

Answer 5

Alkali earth metals

Question 6

Group 17 elements

Answer 6

Halogens

Question 7

Group 18 elements

Answer 7

Noble gases

Question 8

Mass Number =

Answer 8

Number of protons and neutrons

Question 9

Atomic Number =

Answer 9

Number of Protons

Question 10

Characteristics of metals

Answer 10

-Solid at room temperature
-Polished to produce a high shine/lustre
-Good conductors of electricity
-Malleable
-Can be made into a wire; ductile
-Usually melt at high temperatures (mercury is the exception)

Question 11

Characteristics of Non-Metals

Answer 11

-Cannot be polished to produce a shine
-Brittle; shatter when hit
-Cannot be bent into shape; not malleable
-Usually, poor conductors of electricity and heat
-Usually melt at low temperatures
-Many are gases at room temperatures

Question 12

The number of electrons per shell

Answer 12

2n^2

Question 13

Flame test: ground state

Answer 13

Lowest energy state of an atom

Question 14

Flame test: excited state

Answer 14

Highest energy state of an atom

Question 15

Positively charged ions

Answer 15

Cations

Question 16

Negatively charged ions

Answer 16

Anions

Question 17

Electrostatic attraction

Answer 17

The attraction between two oppositely charged bodies

Question 18

Ionic compounds structures

Answer 18

-Usually solids at room temperature
-Normally very high melting points, because electrostatic attraction is very strong
-Usually dissolve in water to form aqueous solutions
-Their aqueous solutions normally conduct electricity

Question 19

Covalent bond

Answer 19

A shared pair of electrons holding two atoms together

Question 20

Activity series

Answer 20

Place elements in decreasing order of reactivity

Question 21

Aqueous solution

Answer 21

Solution in which water is the solvent

Question 22

Precipitate

Answer 22

Solid product of a chemical reaction that is insoluble in water

Question 23

Relative atomic mass

Answer 23

A number that compares the mass of atoms to an agreed mass of carbon-12 isotope

Question 24

Characteristics of alkali metals

Answer 24

All react strongly with water to form basic (alkaline) solutions, very reactive metals

Question 25

Characteristics of alkali earth metals

Answer 25

Reactive metals

Question 26

Characteristics of halogens

Answer 26

Brightly coloured elements, non-metals

Question 27

Characteristics of noble gases

Answer 27

Inert, meaning they do not readily react with other substances, because they have a full valence shell

Question 28

Characteristics of transition metal block

Answer 28

Block of metallic elements in the middle of the periodic table

Question 29

Redox reactions

Answer 29

Chemical reactions involving oxidation and reduction; that is, electron transfer

Question 30

OIL

Answer 30

Oxidation is loss

Question 31

RIG

Answer 31

Reduction is gain

Question 32

XY –> X + Y

Answer 32

Decomposition

Question 33

X + Y –> XY

Answer 33

Combination

Question 34

Acid + Base –> Salt + Water

Answer 34

Neutralisation

Question 35

Methane + Oxygen –> Carbon Dioxide + Water

Answer 35

Combustion

Question 36

Aqueous + Aqueous –> Solid + Aqueous

Answer 36

Precipitation (Double displacement)

Question 37

A + BC –> AC + B

Answer 37

Single Displacement

Question 38

Law of conservation of mass

Answer 38

Mass is neither created nor destroyed

Question 39

Atomic radius =

Answer 39

Decrease left to right (have a bigger charge)
Increase top to bottom (More valence shells)

Question 40

Isotope (nuclide) notation

Answer 40

Mass number Element
Atomic Number Element

Question 41

Ion means

Answer 41

With full valence shell when written is eg. Na+