Physics Unit 4 -Sound and Waves A. Flashcards
Transverse VIBRATION
Object vibrates at RIGHT ANGLES to its line of rest
Ex. swing, clock pendulum
Periodic Motion
Motion that is repeated at equal time intervals
Amplitude
Max distance the vibrating object moves from its rest position (^energy=^A)
Cycle
One complete back and forth vibration of the object (N)
Longitudinal VIBRATION
Object vibrates PARALLEL to its line of rest (ex. spring/bungee)
Torsional Vibration
Object vibrates AROUND its line of rest (ex. washing machine agitator)
Period
(T) - Time required to complete one cycle [measured in seconds]
Frequency
[f] - Number of cycles per second measured in Hz
Porportionalities between f & T
f is inversely proportional to T and vice versa
What are waves?
Repeated vibrations that move through space and time
What is the material that waves move through called?
medium
Wave pulses
TRANSFERS of energy moving from one location to another without permanently moving the medium
Transverse Wave
Particles of the medium vibrate perpendicular to the direction of the wave
Crest
positive amplitude segment
Trough
Negative amplitude segment
Wavelength
Distance between any two points on the wave where the motion is repeated
Longitudinal Waves
Particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave
Rarefraction
Segment where particles of the medium are further apart
Compression
Segment where particles of the medium are closer together
Universal Wave Equation rule
speed of the wave is constant as long as medium it travels in remains constant
Phase
How two vibrating objects with the same amplitude and frequency vibrate relative to each other