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Physics Gr 11 > Physics Unit 3 - Energy > Flashcards

Physics Unit 3 - Energy Flashcards

1
Q

Gravitational energy

A

potential energy due to stored energy of an object’s height from a R.P

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1
Q

Potential energy

A

Stored energy by an object’s position, forces acting on it, object’s properties

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2
Q

Radiational energy

A

PE carried by light (electromagnetic waves)

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3
Q

Electrical energy

A

PE due to interaction of electric charges

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4
Q

Nuclear energy

A

PE stored in atomic nuclei (released by fission (Nuclear Power Plants) or fusion (Sun))

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5
Q

Elastic Energy

A

PE stored in a stretched/ compressed object

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6
Q

Thermal energy MOLECULES

A

Kinetic energy at molecular level- warmth from the vibrations of particles

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7
Q

Thermal energy PARTICLES

A

A measure of total energy of ALL the particles

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8
Q

Kinetic Energy

A

Large scale of object’s motion

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9
Q

Sound Energy

A

Kinetic energy due to wave-like vibrations of a particle through a medium

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10
Q

Chemical Energy

A

Energy stored in chemical bonds

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11
Q

Mechanical Energy

A

Kinetic Energy + Gravitational Potential Energy

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12
Q

Law of Conservation of Energy (2)

A

1) Energy cannot be created nor destroyed
2) When one energy is transferred to another, no energy is lost

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13
Q

Incandescent Light bulb

A

Eelec–(Bulb)–> Eth + Er

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14
Q

Arrow Shot Upwards

A

Ek–(pull arrow)–> Eelas —(bow firing)—-> Ek—-(arrow upwards)–> Eg —(Arrow falling)–> Ek (eventually Eth)

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15
Q

Flashlight

A

Ech-(battery)-> Eelec -(Bulb)-> Er + Eth

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16
Q

Candle

A

Ech-(chemical reaction)–> Eth + Er

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17
Q

Wind Turbine

A

Ek-(wind)-> Ek -(generator)-> Eelec

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18
Q

Solar Cell Calculator

A

En-(Sun)-> Er-(solar panel)-> Eelec

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19
Q

Hand Cranked Generator

A

Ek–(generator)->Eelec

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20
Q

Nuclear Fission Power Station

A

En-(Nuclear fission)-> Eth–(steam)-> Ek (generator)-> Eelec

21
Q

Coal Fossil Fuel Power Station

A

Ech-(burning fuel)->Eth-(Steam)-> Ek-(generator)-> Eelec

22
Q

Hydroelectric Power Station

A

Ek + Eg –(Falling water)-> Ek -(generator)-> Eelec

23
Q

Kinetic Energy : If V^2 is doubled, what would Ek be?

A

Since Ek is directly proportional to V^2, when V^2 is doubled, Ek is 4x!

24
Q

How much is 1 Joule worth?

A

E=Fap x d
1 J= N x m

25
Q

What is positive energy? Does it gain or lose energy? What direction does Fap and displacement have to be?

A

Energy is transferred TO the object
Gains energy
Same directions

26
Q

What is negative energy? Does it gain or lose energy? What direction does Fap and displacement have to be?

A

Energy is transferred FROM the object
Loses energy
Opposite directions

27
Q

Formula for Work done with an Angle

A

W=(cos0 x fap) d

28
Q

What is zero work?

A

Object’s energy does NOT change

29
Q

Two causes for zero work (2) and give examples

A

1) Displacement=0
*No overall movement (pushing wall)
*No overall displacement (putting weights back after a workout)
2) Fap and d are perpendicular to each other (cos=90= 0) There is no change in Eg/Ek (ex. lifting shopping bags/ carrying back pack)

30
Q

Power

A

Rate at which energy is transformed (how fast change happens)

31
Q

How much a one Watts worth?

A

W=J/s
One watts = joules per second

32
Q

What is the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT)

A

1)Matter is made up of particles that are in constant motion which gives them kinetic energy
2) Particles exert attractiveness and repulsive forces that keep them a certain distance apart giving particles potential energy

33
Q

Temperature

A

The measure of average kinetic energy of the particles

34
Q

Which one has a higher thermal energy? a) A small cup of hot chocolate or b) A big bucket of hot chocolate

A

B) b/c there are more particles which means more total Ek and Ep

35
Q

Heat

A

Flow of thermal energy from an object of high temp. to low temp.

36
Q

Which one is denser, cool or warm air?

A

Cool

37
Q

Radiation

A

Transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves

38
Q

What does radiation NOT require in order to take place?

A

A particle during transfer

39
Q

How to prevent radiation

A

A reflective surface

40
Q

Conduction

A

Transfer of energy through collisions of solid particles

41
Q

How to prevent Conduction (2)

A

1) Remove particles (vacuum)
2) Thermal insulator (poor conductors)

42
Q

Convection

A

Energy transfer through movement of particles in a fluid (liquid or solid)

43
Q

Vertical movement of convection is called…

A

Convection current

44
Q

How to prevent convection (2)

A

1) Remove particles (vacuum)
2) Thermal Insulator (poor conductors)

45
Q

Specific Heat Capacity

A

The amount of energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1C (degree)

46
Q

What does the specific heat capacity depend on?

A

Material object is made of (its intermolecular forces)

47
Q

Energy Conservation and thermal energy (principle of heat exchange)

A

Two substances of a different temperature are mixed, energy gained by the cooler object = the energy lost by the warmer object

48
Q

Heat Curve

A

Shows temperature changes while a substance absorbs energy

49
Q

Where is the energy used to separate the IMF particles of a substance

A

The environment

50
Q
A

Physics Gr 11 (5 decks)

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