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Physics Test S2 Flashcards

1
Q

What does energy provide an object

A

The ability to work

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2
Q

How many forms of energy are there

A

8

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3
Q

What are the forms of energy

A

Kinetic, sound, light, heat, electricity, gravitational potential, chemical potential and nuclear energy

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4
Q

What is heat energy

A

The result of moving particles

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5
Q

What is light energy

A

The movement of electromagnetic radiation

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6
Q

What is sound energy

A

The result of vibrating particles

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7
Q

What is kinetic energy

A

The energy possessed by a moving particles

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8
Q

What is electrical energy

A

The results of moving charged particles

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9
Q

What is gravitational potential?

A

The energy possessed by an object lifted in a gravitational field

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10
Q

What is chemical potential energy

A

Energy in food and fuel

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11
Q

What is nuclear energy

A

Energy stored in large unstable atoms

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12
Q

What is the unit of measurement for energy

A

joules (J)

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13
Q

What does it mean to say energy is always conserved

A

It can’t be created or destroyed

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14
Q

If energy can’t be created or destroyed how do we get different types of energy

A

Energy changes from one form to another

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15
Q

What is the energy change in hair straighteners

A

Electrical energy to heat energy

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16
Q

What is the energy change in a food processor

A

Electrical energy to kinetic energy

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17
Q

How did weeee generate electricity

A

By moving a magnet through coil wires

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18
Q

How would we increase energy created by the magnet and coil

A

By moving magnet faster, adding more coil wires, having a stronger magnet

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19
Q

In a coil fired power station what is the energy change during burning

A

Chemical potential to heat energy

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20
Q

Explain how the generator works

A

The moving steam turning which is connected to the generator

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21
Q

What energy is converted in the generator in a coal fired power station?

A

Kinetic energy to electrical energy

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22
Q

An oil fired power station what energy is converted during burning

A

Chemical potential to heat

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23
Q

In an oil fired power station where does the conversion of kinetic to electricity energy take place

A

The generator

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24
Q

What is nuclear energy stored in

A

Uranium

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25
In a nuclear power station what energy is converted to begin with
Nuclear energy to heat energy
26
What is the name of the process when nuclear energy is converted to heat energy
Nuclear fusion
27
In a nuclear power station what energy change is step 2
Kinetic energy to electrical energy
28
What are examples of fossil fuels
Coal, oil and gas
29
What is uranium
A nuclear fuel
30
What are fossil fuels and nuclear fuels used in
Thermal power stations
31
Fossil fuel and nuclear fuels are al ______________ which mean they will _________________________________________________
No renewable ——— run ou
32
In thermal power stations explain the process
The heat energy heats the water which creates steam. The moving steam turns a turbine which is connected to the generator.
33
In a hydroelectric power station what form of energy is stored in water?
Gravitational potential energy
34
Where is water held in hydro power process
A resovoir
35
In a hydroelectric power station hat energy change takes place as the water falls through a steep pipe
Gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy
36
In a hydroelectric power station the water then turns a turbine which is connected to a generator
Kinetic energy to electrical energy
37
In a hydroelectric power station explain the process
The water held in a resovoir contains gravitational potential energy, this water then falls through a steep pipe where the energy converts to kinetic energy. This energy then turns a turbine with is connected to a generator. The generator changes kinetic energy to electrical energy
38
Advantages of non renewable energy
Cheap, reliable, large quantities
39
Disadvantages of non renewable energy
Real ease green house gases, will run out and hard to store
40
In solar cells …..
Light energy is converted to electricity energy
41
In a wind turbine what is the energy change
Kinetic energy to electrical energy
42
What ere 3 examples of renewable energy
Wind power, solar power, and hydro power
43
Advantages of renewable energy
Sustainable energy, cheap, no harmful gases released
44
Disadvantages of renewable energy
Harmful waste during manufacturing and installation, unreliable, expensive to maintain
45
What is heat energy also known as
Thermal energy
46
Unit of measurement for heat energy
Joules
47
The temperature measures what
How hot or cold something is
48
How can heat from a hot object to a cooler object
Convection, conduction and radiation
49
Conduction is done by heat energy…….
Traveling through solid metals or graphite
50
Explain conduction
Particles that are heated directly move faster. Particles nearby are hit causing them to go faster. The effect is passed along
51
All metals have different properties. What does this include
Thermal conductivity
52
53
What are metals called that allow conduction?
Conductors
54
What are materials called that prevent conduction from happening
Insulators
55
What are conductors?
Solid metals and graphite
56
What are insulators
Non metallic solids, liquids and gases
57
What are examples of non metallic solids
Wood and plastic
58
What material make the best conductors
Metals
59
Best conductors ranked
Copper, aluminum, brass and steel
60
What do most good insulators contain
Gases most commonly air
61
What are examples of air insulators
Foamed plastic, wood, feathers
62
Convection currents only appear
In fluids (gases and liquids)
63
Explain convection
One part of the fluid gets heated and the particles move with more energy, become less dense and rise
64
If hot particles are more spaced out they become
Less dense and rise
65
Cool particles are closer together so what does this mean?
They are more dense and will sink down
66
How do convection currents occur?
The motion of particles in a liquid or gas due to the heat
67
Over time what will happen to the heated particles in a fluid
They will cool down and loose it heat energy causing it to fall down
68
The process of particles loose it heat energy causing it to fall down …… which is called a convection current
Causing a circular motion
69
What does heat energy travel as?
Infrared waves of energy
70
What can heat energy pass through
Clear liquids, gases and vacuums
71
How does heat travel through a vacuum
Radiation
72
What can block infrared rays
Anything that is to dense
73
How does the heat from the sun reach the earth
Radiation
74
What does heat travel in
Straight lines
75
What speed does heat travel at
The speed of light
76
What do infrared waves not require
Particles
77
What type of surface is best at absorbing and radiating heat
Black and rough surfaces
78
What type of surface is best at reflecting heat energy
Shinny and white surfaces
79
If a black and white beaker are both filled with hot water which will cool faster and why
The black beaker because it’s a darker colour and will radiate heat faster
80
What colour should a house radiator be painted
White
81
Why would a marathon runner wear a foil blanket after a race
To prevent the heat from their body’s leaving
82
How can heat loss in a house be slowed down
By using insulation
83
In the experiment we did what material worked best to insulate the loft
Wood
84
How to reduce heat loss around the house
Through the roof- loft insulation Through windows- double glazed windows Under door- draft excluder In walls- foam Floors- caroet

Science (2 decks)

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