Physics Test (D1-D2) Flashcards

1
Q

Kepler’s 1st Law is also known as?

A

The Law of Orbits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Kepler’s 2nd Law is also known as?

A

The law of Areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Kepler’s 3rd Law is also known as?

A

The law of periods.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Kepler’s 1st Law

A

The planets orbit in elliptical paths, with the Sun at one of the two foci.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Kepler’s 2nd Law

A
  • A line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal time.
  • It expresses the fact that the speed of planets increases when moving toward the Sun and decreases moving away from the Sun.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Kepler’s 3rd Law

A

The square of a planet’s orbital period, T, is proportional to the cube of its average orbital radius, R.
𝑻^𝟐∝𝑹^𝟑

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

A

𝑭=𝑮 (𝒎_𝟏 𝒎_𝟐)/𝒓^𝟐
F is in Newtons

The gravitational force is a fundamental attractive force that acts across space between masses.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Gravitational Field Strength

A

𝒈=𝑭/𝒎
Units N/kg or m/s^2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens when there are more than one gravitational field present at a point?

A

The field strength is equal to the sum of the fields.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the alternative equation for Gravitational Field Strength?

A

𝒈=−(∆𝑽_𝒈)/∆𝒓`

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Gravitational Potential Energy

A

𝑬_𝒑=−𝑮 (𝒎_𝟏 𝒎_𝟐)/𝒓
Units: J
The work done when bringing a mass m from infinity to a point in space.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When is Gravitational Potential Energy zero?

A

When the distance of separation is infinite.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Is Gravitational Potential Energy of two bodies shared?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Gravitational Potential

A

𝑉_𝑔=−𝐺 𝑚_1/𝑟=𝐸_𝑝/𝑚_2
Units: J/kg
Gravitational Energy per unit mass.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Gravitational Potential Difference

A

Gravitational potential difference ∆𝑉_𝑔 is the work W, done per unit mass moved between two points within a gravitational field.
𝑾(J)=𝒎∆𝑽_𝒈

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Escape Velocity

A

The minimum speed required to move out of a planet’s gravitational field.
𝑣_𝑒𝑠𝑐=√(2𝐺𝑀/𝑟)

17
Q

Orbital Speed

A

The speed required for a satellite to be in circular orbit.
𝑣_𝑜𝑟𝑏𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙=√(𝐺𝑀/𝑟)

18
Q

How do you calculate the total energy of a satellite in circular orbit?

A

𝐸_𝑇=1/2 𝐸_𝑝=−𝐸_𝐾
(think total energy equals kinetic energy plus potential energy)

19
Q

Field Lines

A

Vector arrows that show the direction of the field and are perpendicular to the surface of the mass.

20
Q

What is the density/closeness of field lines proportional to?

A

Field Strength

21
Q

Equipotential Surfaces

A

Lines that run parallel to the surface of the source of the field. The Gravitational Potential is equal at any point along an equipotential surface.

22
Q

Laws of Conservation of Charge

A

Charge is conserved (objects coming into contact with each other transfers electrons)

23
Q

Electric Charge (q)

A

𝒒=𝒏𝒆
𝒆=±𝟏.𝟔×〖𝟏𝟎〗^(−𝟏𝟗) 𝐂

24
Q

Electrostatic induction

A

Exchanging of charges between two bodies without contact

25
Electric Field
The space that surrounds a charge or arrangement of charges.
26
Electric Field Strength
𝑬=𝑭/𝒒 Units: N/C
27
What is the alternative Electric Field Strength equation using potential difference V?
𝐸=𝑉/𝑑
28
Coulomb's Law
Coulomb’s Law describes the electric force between two point charges. 𝑭_𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒄=𝒌 (𝒒_𝟏 𝒒_𝟐)/𝒓^𝟐 𝑘=1/(4𝜋𝜀_0 )
29
What is 𝜀_0?
𝜀_0 is the electrical permittivity of a vacuum (or air), it represents the ability of free space to transfer an electric force.
30
Millikan's Experiment
Conducted in 1909 and confirmed that electric charge is a quantized quantity. Found the charge of electron or proton by varying voltage with oil drops suspended between two plates.
31
Electric Potential Energy
The work done when bringing all the charges of a system to their present position from infinity. 𝑬_𝒑=(𝒌𝒒_𝟏 𝒒_𝟐)/𝒓 Units: J
32
Electric Potential
The work done in moving a test charge from infinity to a point. 𝑽_𝒆=𝒌𝒒/𝒓 Units: J/C 𝑾=𝒒∆𝑽_𝒆