Physics Term 2 Flashcards
Reflection
The bouncing of light off something
How is sound produced?
Sound is produced when something vibrates, moving back and forth very quickly
Compression
A region of high pressure in which particles are close together
Rarefaction
A region of low pressure in which particles are far apart
Why does sound travel?
Sound travels because the vibrating objects make nearby particles vibrate
What does sound need to travel?
Sound needs a medium to travel through. It cant travel through a vacume
Amplitude
Loudness of a sound shown by the height of the wave
Frequency
Pitch of a sound shown by how many waves there are
Refraction
The bending of light as it passes from one substance to another
Longitudinal wave
Vibrations in the same direction as the wave travelling
Transverse Waves
Vibrations at a right angle in the direction the wave is travelling
Light
- Travels in a wave and carries energy
- Travels in a straight line
How fast does light travel
300 000 000 meters per second
Light is a form of…
Energy that can be changed from one form into another
Radiated heat…
Travels through space from the sun->earth as infrared radiation
Gamma rays
- emitted by certain radioactive material and have many uses in medicine
- the higher energy form of electromagnetic radiation
Electromagnetic radiation
Eg. Light, microwaves, x-rays
What type of wave is EMW
EMW are transverse waves made up of electric and magnetic fields
The shorter the wavelength…
The higher its energy
How fast does EMR travel in a vacume?
300 000 000 m/s
Higher the frequency…
The higher the energy
The shorter the wavelength…
The higher the frequency
Temperature
Measurement of how hot and cold an object is. Determined by the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
Heat
Energy transfer that takes place between objects of different temperature. Measured in Joules
Heat transfer
Only occurs when there is a temperature difference between substance. Heat always moves from an area of higher temperature to an area of lower temperature. Conduction, convection, radiation
Absolute zero
- 459F
- 275C
- 0K
Conductor
Substance that allows heat to flow through it
Insulator
Material that does not conduct heat well
Electrical circuits
Path down which electrical charge flows
Current
Measurement of the rate of the flow of electrical charge in a circuit. Measured in amperes (A) with an ammeter
Potential Difference
Measure of the electrical potential energy between two points in a circuit. Measured in volts (V) using voltmeter
Voltage
Measure of electrical energy push
Series Circuit
Has all the components connected sequently in a loop
Parallel circuit
A branched circuit
Break in a series circuit
Will cause the whole circuit to stop working
Break in a parallel circuit
Will only stop that particular branch from working if there is an alternative path the electricity flows through it
What is electricity
A flow of electrons
What does V stand for
Voltage
What does I stand for
Current
What does R stand for
Resistance
V=
IR
I=
V/R
R=
V/I
