Ecology

Question 1

Enviroment

Answer 1

Factors that affect an organism’s chance of survival

Question 2

Ecology

Answer 2

The study of how organisms interact with each other and their non living surroundings

Question 3

Ecosystem

Answer 3

The place where organisms and their physical surroundings form an environment that is different from other environment

Question 4

Abiotic factors

Answer 4

These are non living factors, physical factors eg. air quality and humidity, amount of sunlight, rainfall, wind, fire

Question 5

Biotic factors

Answer 5

These are living factors

eg. Predators, parasites

Question 6

Sustainability

Answer 6

An ecosystem has the ability to maintain suitable living conditions for the community

Question 7

Food chain

Answer 7

Diagram showing the sequence of energy transfer

Question 8

Food web

Answer 8

Energy transfer in a community

Question 9

Biodiversity

Answer 9

The number of different species in an ecosystem and the population of each species

Question 10

HIPPO

Answer 10

Habitat loss, deforestation 
Invasive species, cane toad
Pollution, oil spills
Population, overpopulation and effect 
Over harvesting, hunting, fishing

Question 11

Insecticides

Answer 11

Chemicals than can kill insects

Question 12

Predation

Answer 12

One organism kills another for food

eg. Lion

Question 13

Parasitism

Answer 13

One organism benefit by harming another

eg. Human —> mosquitoes

Question 14

Commensalism

Answer 14

One organism benefits and another is uneffected

eg. Eagle and cactus

Question 15

Mutualism

Answer 15

Both organisms benefit

eg. Dog and human

Question 16

Competition

Answer 16

When two organisms compete for the same food source

eg. Lion and Hyena

Question 17

Trophic levels

Answer 17

Describes the number of energy transfer

Question 18

Autorophs

Answer 18

Organisms that make their own food

eg. Plants, algae

Question 19

Heterotrophs

Answer 19

Organisms that consume others

eg dogs, fish

Question 20

Community

Answer 20

All living things in the system

Question 21

Niche

Answer 21

The role an organism has

Question 22

Structural adaptations

Answer 22

Physical features of an organism

eg. Bones

Question 23

Behavioural adaptations

Answer 23

Things that organisms do

eg migration

Question 24

Physiological Adaptations

Answer 24

Keeping internal conditions that same, homeostasis

eg. Sweating

Question 25

Global warming

Answer 25

Prevents heat from escaping causing temperatures to rise

Question 26

Deforestation

Answer 26

Causes habitat fragmentation, forcing animals and plants into confined areas

Question 27

Ozone Depletion

Answer 27

Caused by aresol chemicals that escape into the atmosphere breaking down the ozone

Question 28

Fishing activities

Answer 28

Caused by demand for fish/shellfish and commercial fishing can be harmful to the population of fish species

Question 29

Invasive species

Answer 29

Introduced by humans and are problems because they have no natural predators
eg cane toads

Question 30

Eutrophication

Answer 30

When excessive amounts of nitrogen is dumped into a river which leads to algae infestations. When this occurs it cuts off the river’s oxygen supply

Question 31

Seafloor spreading

Answer 31

The process of new crust forming at the ocean ridges and spreading outwards

Question 32

Tectonic plate

Answer 32

Section of the earths crust the moves across the surface

Question 33

Subduction

Answer 33

When one plate sinks below another

Question 34

Magnetic striping

Answer 34

Patterns of magnetised rock on each side of the plate boundary showing which direction the magnetic field is

Question 35

Ocean ridge

Answer 35

A deep channel in the ocean floor where the crust is sinking down

Question 36

Earthquake

Answer 36

A sudden realise of energy

Question 37

Focus

Answer 37

The point within the earth where faulting begins

Question 38

Epicentre

Answer 38

The point directly above the focus on the surface