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Yr9 End Of Year Assesments- Science > Physics- Space Assesment Revision > Flashcards

Physics- Space Assesment Revision Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the formation of a Red giant star?

A
  1. Protostar
  2. Main sequence star
  3. Red Giant
  4. White dwarf
  5. Black dwarf
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2
Q

What is the formation of a red supergiant star?

A
  1. Protostar
  2. Main sequence star
  3. Red supergiant
  4. Supernova
  5. Black hole/ Neutron star
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3
Q

What is the geocentric model of the solar system?

A

The geicentric model of the universe showed that people believed that all planets and stars revolved around the world; the earth is at the centre of the solar system

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4
Q

What are some observations the geocentric model could explain?

A

It explained why the sun rises and sets and why we don’t feel the earth moving or spinning

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5
Q

What was added to the geocentric model to attempt to make it more accurate?

A

Epicycles which were smaller cycles made by planets as they ‘orbited the earth’ to explain why we see different sides of the planets at different times.

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6
Q

What is the solar system model we used today, who and when was it made?

A

The greek astronomer Aristarchus described a different model of the solar sytem around 200BC called the heliocentricmodel. This model stated that our solar system orbited the sun.

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7
Q

Whats the order of planets inthe solar system?

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

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8
Q

As the galaxy moves away from us, what is the spectrum of the light, actung as evidence for the big bang theory?

A

Red-shifted- the wavelength of the light is stretched, so the light is seen as ‘shifted’ towards the red part of the spectrum.

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9
Q

What are the forces that act on a rocket?

A

Weight/ gravity (Force of the earth on the rocket)
Thrust (Forces of the gasses on the rocket)

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10
Q

Name 5 uses of a satelite

A
  • The internet
  • Taking pictures of the earth
  • Observing plantes
  • Monitering weather
  • Radio stations
  • Maps
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11
Q

Exaples of artificial satelites

A
  • James Webb Telescope
  • ISS (International Space Station)
  • Hubble Space Craft
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12
Q

What is a geostationary orbit?

A

An orbit of a satelites above the equator that stays above the same part of the earth at all times and takes 1 day to complete 1 orbit of the Earth.

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13
Q

What is a Low Polar Orbit?

A

An orbit of a satelites that passes over the poles and doesn’t stays above the same part of the earth at all times and takes less than a day to complete one orbit of the Earth.

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14
Q

What is a Low Earth Orbit?

A

An orbit of a satelites which can be above anywhere around the earth and that doesn’t stay above the same part of the earth at all time. It takes less than a day to complete one orbit of the Earth.

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15
Q

Name three types of orbit

A
  • Geostationary orbit
  • Low Polar Orbit
  • Low Earth Orbit (LEO)
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16
Q

What are some observations the geocentric model couldn’t explain?

A
  • Galileo Galiliei observed that Venus had phases, despite remaining near the sun in Earth’s sky and that Jupiter had moons which orbitted Jupiter, not earth
  • The retrogade motion of planets
  • The changes in the appearance of the inferior planets
17
Q

Why couldn’t atoms form immedately after the big bang?

A

When the universe was young, it consisted of a speck of extremely hot, dense plasma. Things were so cramped that subatomic particles constantly scattered off each other with such frequency and force that atoms couldn’t form without being immediately broken apart again. It isn’t until the Universe cools off that atoms can stably form.

18
Q

Approxiamately how old is the universe?

A

13.7 billion years

19
Q

What are the risks of the space program?

A
  • Solar flares (masses of radiation released from the sun)
  • Space junk from out-of-use satelites and rocks
  • Heat from friction as the rocket plummets towards earth due to its speed
  • Failed oarachute when entering earth’s atmosphere
20
Q

What are the benefits of the Space program?

A
  • Helps explore and develop knowledge on our solar system and the universe
  • Establishes technology that is used today such as computers, suits used y f1 drivers and firemen, water filters and shock absorbing materials used in running shoes developed for spacesuits
  • Develops the human capability to work in soac such as within the ISS, which orbits the earth currently
21
Q

What is a refracting telescope?

A

A telescope that uses two lenses, the objective lense and the eyepiece lense and uses refraction to produce a magnefied, yet flipped view of an object. Parallel rays from the object oass through a convex lense and cross.

22
Q

How doesa reflecting telescope work?

A

Parallel rays of light enter the telescope from the object and reflect off a concave mirror, then they hit a flat mirror and reflect into the eyepiece lense, producing a magnified yet flipped image of the object.

23
Q

What conditions does a satellite need to stay in orbit and what forces act on it?

A

To get a satellite into orbit the satellite needs to be launched at the right speed and at a correct height. The combined effect of gravity and the centripetal force keep the satellite moving in a circle.

24
Q

State three factors required for there to be a chance of life existing somewhere other than earth

A
  • Reasonable temperature
  • Atmosphere/ magnetic field
  • Water
  • Distance from the sun or any other star
25
Q

Suggest why it is likely that there is life in other places in the Universe.

A

Because theres an ever-increasing number of exoplanets within our universe, meaning it is extremelly likely that there would be life outside our earth and many that have met the conditions for extraterrestrial life.

26
Q

Describe two techniques that astronomers have used to search for extraterrestrial life.

A

Using radio telescopes, we can search for radio signals within 82 light-years from earth, therefore detecting extraterrestrial life. Rocks that fall from out of space are also examined for other evidence of extraterrestrial life.

27
Q

Explain why light and radio signals are useful when communicating across the Milky Way.

A

Because they can travel larger distances across the Milky Way than soace shuttles, rockets and soace probes. Travelling on average 80,000 m/s whilst soace probes etc travel at an average of 11000 m/s.
They can also be picked up by very sensitive detectors across distances.

28
Q

What are the different beliefs of the universe?

A
  • India and China- Believed the earth was flat and supported by 12 pillars
  • Thailand- believed that a solar eclipse occurred when a god called Rahu swallowed the Sun.
  • India- people believed that the Earth was supported on the back of a giant wooden turtle.

Yr9 End Of Year Assesments- Science (4 decks)

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