Genetics Vocab

Question 1

Gene

Answer 1

Genes are made up of DNA. Genes are coding regions which are along the length of chromosomes. Genes guve codes/ instructions for our different characteristics. E.g: eye colour, hair colour, height, weight…

Question 2

DNA

Answer 2

The molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism. E.g: brown hair, blue eyes e.t.c..

Question 3

Chromosome

Answer 3

a structure of protein which are in the nucleus of most living cells, and carry genetic information in the form of genes.

Question 4

Allele

Answer 4

each of two or more different forms of a gene that are found at the same place on a chromosome. There is a dominent and a reccesive allele

Question 5

Recessive allele

Answer 5

Recessive alleles are only expressed if there are 2 recessive alleles. E.g: bb, blue eyes and blonde hair

Question 6

Dominent allele

Answer 6

Dominent alleles are always expressed even if only one of the alleles are dominent. E.g: Bb or BB, Black hair, brown eyes

Question 7

Homozygous alleles

Answer 7

The alleles are the same

Question 8

Heterozygous alleles

Answer 8

The alleles are different

Question 9

Gamete

Answer 9

Reproductive cells. The male gamete is a sperm cell and the female gamete is an egg cell.

Question 10

Genotype

Answer 10

The alleles of an individual. E.g: BB,Tt,ss

Question 11

Phenotype

Answer 11

The physical appearance of an individual. E.g: brown eyes, tall, curly hair