Physics Paper 1 (Content) Flashcards
What is half-life?
Time it takes for the count rate of a radioactive substance to halve
What is direct potential difference?
- Also known as DC
- One directional current flow
What is alternating potential difference?
- Also known as AC
-
A continually oscillating current flow which which results in the potential difference across two points continually oscillating between
a positive and negative value.
What is this symbol?
Thermistor
What do we need for charge to flow?
- Circuit must be closed (No open switches)
- Must be a source of potential difference (Battery/Cell)
What is the definition of specific heat capacity?
The energy required to increase the temperature of 1kg of water by 1^oC
What is current?
The flow of electrical charge
What is this electrical component?
Fuse
Explain why changing state is a physical change and not a chemical change.
Changes of state are physical changes not chemical changes because the substance recovers its original properties if the
change is reversed
Why is water changing to steam a physical change?
Water will recover its original properties if the steam is cooled
What is work done?
The energy transferred when a force acts over a distance
What is the national grid?
The network of power stations, transformers, and cables that connects consumers to power stations
What is resistance?
A measure of the opposition to current flow
What is the electrical component?
A cell
How many Amps in mA?
1000mA = 1 A (Amp)
What is amperes?
Amps = unit of current
What is nuclear fusion?
Nuclear fusion is the joining together of nuclei
During nuclear fusion the total mass of the particles increase (becomes heavier)
What is nuclear fission?
An unstable nucleus absorbs a neutron and splits into two parts
Two or three neutrons are released as well as energy and gamma rays
What stops gamma radiation?
A few cm of lead
What is a gamma ray?
- = neutron (n)
- Electromagnetic radiation from the nucleus
What is sublimates (sublimation)?
Changing from solid to gas
What are the units for resistance?
Ohms Ω
What are the units for potential difference?
Volts
What are the units for energy?
Joules (J)
What are the units for current?
Amps (A)
What is this electrical component?
LDR
Light-dependent Resistor
What is this electrical component?
Diode
What is this electrical component?
Resistor
What is this electrical component?
Variable resistor
What is this electrical component?
LED
Light emitting Diode
What is a step-up transformer?
Device that increases the potential difference generated by a power station so that electrical power transmitted along the transmission cables is at higher potential
What is this electrical component?
Battery
What is a spring constant?
A measure of a springs stiffness
The greater the number the more force needed to stretch or compress a spring by a given distance
What is a step down transformer?
Device found between the transmission cables and consumer that lowers the potential difference of the power stations so it is at safe usable levels
What is a thermistor?
A temperature dependent component whose resistance increases as temperature decreases
What is power?
- The rate at which energy is transferred
- Or the rate at which work is done
What stops beta radiation?
A few sheets of aluminium
What stops alpha radiation?
Piece of paper
What is pressure measured in?
Pascals (Pa)
1000 Pa = 1KPa (kilopascals)
What is the point of a live wire?
Live wire carries alternating potential difference from the supply
What is the point of the neutral wire?
Neutral wire completes the circuit
What is the point of an earth wire?
Safety wire to stop appliances becoming live
What are the colours of each wire of the 3 core cable?
- Live wire = Brown
- Neutra wire = Blue
- Earth wire = Green and Yellow Stripes
How are ammeters connected in a circuit?
In series
How are voltmeters connected in a circuit?
In parallel
Which one of these is the lightbulb connected in series and which one is light connected in parallel?
LEFT = In series (on the same wire)
RIGHT = In parallel (on a different wire)
Which one of these is the lightbulb connected in series and which one is light connected in parallel?
LEFT = In parallel
RIGHT = In series
What is the units for extension?
Extension is a length
(m) - metres
