Physics - P1 Flashcards
what is the sun?
a star
how many planets are there?
8
what do planets reflect?
light
what do comets have tails?
the ice inside them melts as they get closer to the sun
what is the sun made from?
hydrogen and helium gas
how is the helium made?
hydrogen atoms fusing together this is where the sun gets its energy
what do we use to measure the distance in space?
light years
how fast does light travel?
300,000 km/s
what are the sizes on the thing in the universe in the order smallest to biggest (diameter)?
earth sun earths orbit solar system sun to the nearest star milky way milky way to the nearest galaxy
what are the ages of the earth, sun and universe in order smallest to biggest?
earth- 5000
sun- 5000
universe- 14000
what do stars emit (give out)?
electromagnetic (EM) radiation
what is parallax?
when something appears to move when you look at it from different places
what is light pollution?
light from streetlamps etc.
how do we see things in space?
we see them as they were when the light first left them
what are other galaxy’s doing?
moving away from us (red shift)
what is blue shift?
when galaxy’s move towards us
how did the universe start?
the big bang theory
how long ago was the big bang theory?
14 thousand million years ago
what is erosion?
when rock wears away
how is new rock formed?
when the magma that is pushed up through the sea bed or from volcanoes cools
how old is the earth?
4 million years old
how are sedimentary rocks formed?
little bit rocks get washed out to sea and settle as sediment these bits of rock soon get crushed together to form sedimentary rock
what are seismic shock waves?
waves that are produced in a earthquake that can travel through the inside and on the outside of the earth
where can p-waves pass through
the core of the earth
what cant s-waves travel through?
liquid
what doe waves with a greater amplitude have?
more energy
what is frequency?
the number of complete waves passing through a certain point per second
what degrees are transverse waves?
90 degrees
examples of transverse waves?
s-waves
what are examples of longitudinal waves?
p-waves (vibrations travel in the same direction as the wave)
what is the speed equation?
speed = distance x wavelength
