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physics keywords Flashcards

1
Q

what does oscillation mean?

A

vibrations

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2
Q

define wavelength

A

distance from one point on a wave to the same point on the next wave

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3
Q

Define amplitude

A

distance from rest point line to the peak or the trough

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4
Q

define frequency

A

the number of waves per second

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5
Q

define a transverse wave

A

a wave vibrating 90 degrees from energy transfer

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6
Q

define a longitudinal wave

A

a wave vibrating parallel to energy transfer

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7
Q

define velocity

A

speed in a particular direction

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8
Q

define echo

A

reflected sound wave

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9
Q

what is the units for wavelength ?

A

meters (m)

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10
Q

what is the units for frequency ?

A

Hertz (Hz)

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11
Q

how do find out the wave velocity ?

A

wave velocity = frequency x wavelength

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12
Q

what is a wave ?

A

transfer of energy

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13
Q

define compression

A

vibration close together ( longitudinal)

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14
Q

define rarefaction

A

vibrations far apart ( longitudinal)

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15
Q

what type of wave is an EM wave?

A

transverse

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16
Q

how do you find out the wavelength

A

wavelength = wave velocity / frequency

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17
Q

how do you find out the frequency

A

frequency =wave velocity / wavelength

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18
Q

define independent variable

A

the variable you investigate ( i am going to change this & see what happens to my results)

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19
Q

define dependent variable

A

the factor that is going to be my result. this is the factor i am measuring to collect my data

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20
Q

define control variable

A

any factor that may effect the results, so i need to keep it the same ,if i don’t my data will be wrong

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21
Q

how do you find percentage change

A

(difference /original) x 100

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22
Q

what is the equation for speed ?

A

speed = distance/ time

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23
Q

what is the equation for the time taken ?

A

time =distance/ speed

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24
Q

what is the equation for distance ?

A

distance =speed x time

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25
Q

what are EM waves ?

A

waves that travel through a vacuum of space

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26
Q

name each EM wave in decreasing order

A

Gamma rays, X-rays,ultra violet waves,viable light waves ,infrared waves,microwaves , radio waves

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27
Q

define accuracy

A

considered accurate if it is judged to be close to the true value

28
Q

define precise

A

measurement are ones in which there is very little spread about the mean value

29
Q

how can you implicate radio-waves

A

communication

30
Q

how can you implicate microwaves

A

mobile phones communication and cooking food

31
Q

how can you implicate infrared waves

A

remote controls and infrared cameras

32
Q

how can you implicate visible light waves

A

photography and traffic lights

33
Q

how can you implicate ultra violate waves

A

tanning beds, sterilize food and medical instruments

34
Q

how can you implicate x-rays

A

medical imaging and airport security

35
Q

how can you implicate gamma rays

A

medical treatment

36
Q

dangers of gamma rays

A

damage cells causing mutation cell death

37
Q

dangers of x-rays

A

to much can lead to cancerous calls

38
Q

dangers of ultra violet waves

A

damage eyes,skin cells and skin cancer

39
Q

dangers of visible light

A

damage the retina of the eye but normally not dangerous

40
Q

dangers of infrared

A

causes skin to burn. prolonged exposure can cause eye damage

41
Q

dangers of microwaves

A

causes internal heating of body tissue

42
Q

dangers of radiowaves

A

heating of body tissue and increase body temp

43
Q

what is the equation voltage

A

voltage=current x resistance
(V=IR)

44
Q

define scalar quantity

A

a quantity that has size (magnitude) but no direction

45
Q

define vector quantity

A

a quantity that has both size and direction

46
Q

define mass

A

measurement of how many particles are in your body. does not change

47
Q

what is mass measured in

A

kilograms (kg)

48
Q

define weight

A

the measurement of the pull of gravity on your body.depends on what planet your on

49
Q

what is weight measured in

A

Newtons (N)

50
Q

what is a resultant force ?

A

a single force that represents all of the forces together

51
Q

what is the equation for acceleration?

A

change in velocity / time taken
or force / mass

52
Q

what is the units for acceleration?

A

m/s(squared)

53
Q

factors affecting thinking distance

A

alcohol, drugs, tiredness and caffeine

54
Q

factors affecting breaking distance

A

steepness, friction of road,condition of triers, condition of road, weather, break condition,

55
Q

factors affecting thinking and braking distance

A

speed

56
Q

area of square

A

= length x length

57
Q

area of rectangle

A

= length x width

58
Q

area of trapezium

A

=1/2(sum of parallel sides) x height

59
Q

area of triangle

A

=1/2 base x height

60
Q

area of parallelogram

A

=base x perpendicular height

61
Q

equation for stopping distance

A

stopping distance= thinking distance + braking distance

62
Q

volume of sphere

A

=4/3 x (pie)r(power of three)

63
Q

surface area of a sphere

A

=4(pie)r(squared)

64
Q

volume of a cube

A

=L x W x H

65
Q

surface area of a cube

A

=6(area)

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