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chemistry keywords Flashcards

1
Q

what is an exothermic reaction

A

energy is transferred to the surroundings

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2
Q

what is an endothermic reaction

A

energy is transferred from the surrounding

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3
Q

example of exothermic reactions

A

aerobic respiration
combustion
hand warmers

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4
Q

examples of endothermic reactions

A

anaerobic respiration (photosynthesis)
thermal decomposition
hand coolers

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5
Q

what is a mixture

A

two or more different elements not chemically bonded

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6
Q

what is an element

A

only one type of atom

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7
Q

what is a compound

A

2 or more different elements chemically bonded

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8
Q

what is a pure substance

A

a substance that only contains one element or compound

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9
Q

what is the test for oxygen

A

blown out flame is re-lit

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10
Q

what is the test for hydrogen gas

A

squeaky pop test

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11
Q

test for carbon dioxide

A

lime water turns cloudy

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12
Q

what is the test for chlorine gas

A

damp litmus is bleached

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13
Q

what is the color of the flame when sodium is present

A

yellow

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14
Q

what is the color of the flame when lithium is present

A

crimson

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15
Q

what is the color of the flame when potassium is present

A

lilac

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16
Q

what is the color of the flame when calcium is present

A

orange / red

17
Q

what is the color of the flame when copper is present

A

green

18
Q

define activation energy

A

the minimum amount of energy needed for a reaction to take place

19
Q

what does acid + base

A

= salt and water (neutralization)

20
Q

how do you test carbonates

A

react with a dilute acid and test for carbon dioxide

21
Q

examples of metal carbonate

A

calcium carbonate
sodium carbonate

22
Q

what gas is produced by a carbonate acid reaction

A

carbon dioxide

23
Q

what is a disadvantage of a chemical test

A

contamination
toxic compound

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