Physics, heating,cooling and sound Flashcards
What is the definition of temperature?
A measure of energy of individual particles measured in degrees Celsius
What is the definition of thermal energy?
A measure of the total amount of energy in an object measures in joules
What is thermal conducter?
Material that allows heat to move quickly through it.
What is the definition of thermal insulator?
Material that only allows heat to travel slowly through it
What is conduction?
Transfer of thermal energy through solids by the vibration of particles
What is convection?
Transfer of thermal energy through fluids (liquid and gases) when hot fluid rises
What is radiation?
Transfer of thermal energy as a wave. It does not require partials so can occur through a vacuum
Conductor
A substance that transfers energy easily from the hot part to the cold part is a conductor. Metals are good conductors
What are insulators?
A substance that does not easily transfer energy from a hot part to a cold part. Air and plastic are good insulators.
How does double glazing windows help with insulation?
The two panes of glass have air in between them which reduces conduction.
How can energy loss through walls be reduced?
Using cavity wall insulation and rapped air.
How do partials work during conduction?
When a substance is heated it’s partials gain internal energy bumping into nearby partials making them vibrate
What happens to the particles during convection?
The partials in liquid and gases can move. When heated they move more vigorously and become more spaced out. Makes the fluid less dense so it rises. Cooler fluid replaced the hotter fluid and the process continues.
How do all objects transfer their surroundings by?
Infrared radiation
Are partials involved in radiation?
No particals are involved unlike conduction this means that energy transfer can happen without objects touching even in space.
