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GCSE Physics > Physics: Forces > Flashcards

Physics: Forces Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a scalar quantity

A

something that only has magnitude

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2
Q

what is a vector quantity

A

something that has magnitude and direction

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3
Q

What is a contact force

A

Force that acts upon multiple objects when they are touching

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4
Q

What is a non contact force

A

Force that acts upon an object when it isn’t touching another one

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5
Q

What is the weight equation

A

W (Weight) = m (mass) x g (gravitational field strength)

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6
Q

What is resultant force

A

The overall force acting on an object or point

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7
Q

What is the resultant force/work done equation

A

W (work done/resultant force) = F (Force) x s (distance)

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8
Q

What three things can happen to elastic objects that transfers energy

A

Stretching, Compressing, Bending

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9
Q

What is the elastic force equation

A

F (Force) = k (spring constant) x e (extension)

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10
Q

What is the Elastic Potential Energy equation

A

EPE = 0.5 x k (spring constant) x e2 (extension squared)

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11
Q

What is a Moment

A

Turning effect of a force

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12
Q

What is the moment equation

A

M (Moment) = F (force) x d (distance)

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13
Q

How do levers work

A

Levers increase the distance from the pivot at which the force is applied making it easier to do work because less force is required

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14
Q

What is a gear

A

Gears are circular discs with teeth around their edges that interlock so that turning one causes another to turn, in the opposite direction

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15
Q

Why are gears used

A

Transmit the rotational effect of a force from one place to another

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16
Q

How do gears work

A

Increase the distance between the pivot and the force which means a bigger gear can create a bigger moment but turns more slowly

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17
Q

What is the pressure equation

A

p = F (force) / A (Area)

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18
Q

What is the pressure in a liquid equation

A

p = h (height of column of liquid) x p (Greek letter rho density) x g (gravitational field strength)

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19
Q

When does an object float

A

Weight = Upthrust

20
Q

How does height affect atmospheric pressure

A

Atmospheric pressure decreases with height

21
Q

What is the distance equation

A

s (distance) = v (speed) x t (time)

22
Q

what is the typical everyday speed of a person walking

A

1.5 m/s

23
Q

what is the typical everyday speed of a person running

A

3 m/s

24
Q

what is the typical everyday speed of a person cycling

A

5 m/s

25
Q

what is the typical everyday speed of a car

A

25 m/s

26
Q

what is the typical everyday speed of a train

A

55 m/s

27
Q

what is a typical everyday speed of a plane

A

250 m/s

28
Q

what is acceleration

A

How quickly you’re speeding up

29
Q

what is the acceleration equation

A

a (acceleration) = /\v (change in velocity) / t (time)

30
Q

what is the constant acceleration equation

A

v2 (final velocity squared) - u2 (Initial velocity squared) = 2as (2 x acceleration x distance)

31
Q

what is the area of a distance time grpah

A

Speed

32
Q

what is the area of a velocity time graph

A

Acceleration

33
Q

what is terminal velocity

A

Highest velocity attainable by an object as it falls

34
Q

What is Newton’s first law

A

resultant force is needed to make something start moving, speed up or slow down

35
Q

what is the resultant force equation

A

F (resultant force) = m (mass) x a (acceleration)

36
Q

what is inertia

A

tendency for motion to remain unchanged

37
Q

what is Newton’s third law

A

when two objects interact, the forces they exert on each other are equal and opposite

38
Q

what is the stopping distance equation

A

stopping distance = thinking distance + breaking distance

39
Q

What two factors affect thinking distance

A

speed and reaction time

40
Q

what three factors affect breaking distance

A

speed, weather and condition

41
Q

what does speed affect more breaking distance or thinking distance

A

breaking distance

42
Q

what is the momentum equation

A

p (momentum) = m (mass) x v (velocity)

43
Q

what is the momentum force equation

A

F (force) = m/\v (change in momentum) / /\t (change in time)

44
Q

what three safety features do cars have to change momentum

A

crumple zones, seat belts stretch, air bags

45
Q

what safety feature do bike helmets have

A

contain a crushable layer

GCSE Physics (9 decks)

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