Physics Exam1 Flashcards
Kinematics
Deals with the concepts that are needed to describe motion without forces
Mechanics
Branch of physics that focuses on the motion of objects and the forces that cause them to change
Dynamics
Deals with the effect that forces have on motion
Distance
Total travel
Displacement
Change in position
Newton’s 1st law
If an obj moves in a straight line with constant speed, no nrt force must be acting on it
Newtons 2nd law
If a net force is acting on a body, then the body accelerates in the direction of the net force
Newtons 3rd law
For every force that acts on an obj there is a reaction force equal and opposite acting on a different object
Force
Push or pull
Law of inertia
Newtons 1st law. Tendency of an obj to be at rest and a quantitative measure of mass
Reference frame
Viewpoint of observer
Weight
The net gravitational force exerted on you by the universe
Apparent weight
The weight measured during a change in velocity resulting in another acceleration component to gravity
Energy
- capacity to do work
- describes the state of a system in relation to the actions of the fundamental forces
- property of all matter and is observed through speed, mass, position
Force
Agent of change. Energy is a measure of change
Work
Change in energy of a system resulting from the application of a force acting over a distance
Work-energy theorem
Total work done on an object is equal to its change in kinetic energy
Conservative force
The work it does is stored in the form of energy and can be releases at a later time
Kinetic energy
Energy in which it posesses due yo its motion
Potential energy
Energy stored in a body or system due to its position in a force field
Fluids
Particles that easily move and change in position
Mass density
Mass os substance per unit volume
Archimedes principle
“Any fluid applies a buoyant force to an obj that is partially or completely immersed in it; the magnitude oft he buoyant force equals the weight of the fluid thatt he obj displaces”
-how a ship floats
Pascal’s Principle
“Any change in the pressure applied to a completrly enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to all parts of tr fluid and enclosing walls” -hydraulic lift
Floating
An obj floats when it displaces an amount of fluid equal to itd weight
Steady flow
Velocity of the fluid at any point is constant in time
Unsteady flow
Velocity of a fluid at a point changes as time passes
Turbulent flow
Erratic changed in magnitude and direction of fluid velocity
Bernoullis equation
“In a steady flow of a nonviscous, incompressible fluid of density, the pressure, fluid speed and the elevation at any teo points are related
Ideal fluids
No frictional loss and no molecular interaction
Specific heat
The tempersture change due to hesting a specific mass of a substance
Thermodynamics
Branch of physics that is built upon the laws that heat and work obey
Zeroth law of thermodynamics
Two objects separately in thermal equilibrium with a third body, will be in thermal equilibrium with eachother if placed in thermal contact
