Physics - Deck 2 Flashcards
What is momentum?
the quantity (amount) of motion an object has
What is the formula of momentum?
p=mv (momentum = mass x velocity)
What is conservation of momentum?
The law that TOTAL motion of objects in a system stays the same.
What is impulse?
A change in an object’s momentum
What’s the formula for impulse?
Fx(change in t)
Force x delta time
A change in momentum that takes place over a longer time requires ________ force than if it takes less time.
Less force. Imagine a skydiver. If he opens his parachute too late, he’ll hit the ground too hard.
What are the three types of collisions?
Elastic, inelastic, completely inelastic
The game of pool/billiards involves a lot of _________ collisions.
Elastic (approximate). Objects remain separate.
What is a completely inelastic collision?
When two objects collide and become one mass
What is a projectile?
Any object that falls or is thrown/propelled through space by an exerted force
What’s the key to calculating the motion of a projectile?
Calculating the horizontal and vertical velocities separately
When solving physics problems, what do you always start with?
You start with what you know and solve for the missing pieces.
What are the characteristics of waves?
frequency, amplitude, and speed
What is frequency?
the amount of wavelengths that occur in a fixed distance
What is a wavelength?
the distance between matching parts (crests or troughs) of a wave
What is the speed of a wave?
frequency times wavelength
What is amplitude?
The distance between the crest of a wave and it’s center (or equilibrium)
The two types of waves are ____________ and compressional.
transverse
Sound is an example of a __________ wave
compressional
Which type of wave has an oscillation that is perpendicular to the direction of the wave?
transverse
The louder the sound, the greater the __________
amplitude
The Maxwell spectrum is more commonly referred to the _______________ spectrum
electromagnetic spectrum
What is the speed of light in a vacuum?
300,000,000 m/s
Which has a longer wavelength: red or blue light?
red; they both travel at the speed of light in a vacuum, but red has a longer wavelength
Are radio waves and infrared waves sub-visible or ultra-visible?
sub-visible; ultra-visible is above the visible spectrum (x-ray/gamma waves)
How does AM radio transmit sound?
Amplitude modulation (AM); translates the information of sound by varying the amplitude of the radio wave
What does FM stand for?
frequency modulation
What changes the pitch of sound?
The frequency of the sound wave
What is static electricity?
when an object has a positive or negative charge
What is static discharge?
When a charge “jumps” from one object to another
What force commonly generates static electricity?
friction; strips electrons off of atoms
What is the main characteristic of a conductor?
It gives up its electrons easily
What is the main characteristic of an insulator?
It doesn’t give up its electrons easily.
