physics and energy. Flashcards
force
a push/pull of an object.
newtons
unit to measure force
contact force
forces that touch. friction, air resistance, normal force, applied force, tension force, and spring force.
non contact force
forces that dont touch. gravitational, magnetic, and electrical forces
balanced forces
the forces are equal in size and opposite in direction
mechanical equilibrium
moving without stopping, staying still
vector quantity
measured in 2 ways, how strong and which direction`
static
staying still
dynamic
moving without stopping.
energy
the ability to perform work
matter-energy-work
using energy to do things
calories
are units to measure energy of our foods.
joules
a unit to measure energy
thermal energy
the internal energy of a system as a result of its temperature.
mechanic energy
energy from objects position and motion.
work
displacement of an object due to force
work=
force X distance
kenetic theory of matter
all matter is made of small particles that are in random motions and space between them.
joules
the SI unit of work or energy,
4 phases
solids, liquids, gases, and plasma
vibrations
oscillating motions around a fixed position.
wave
a disturbance that travels through a medium from omne place to another.
crest
top of waves
troughs
bottom of waves
amplitudes
distance between midline of a wave and its crestline.
frequency
of cycles that are completed in a certaion amount of time.
period
sec/cycle
frequency
cycles/secs
medium
the substance that transports a wave from one place to another.
sound and temperature
sound travels fastest in solids and slowest in gases.
electromagnetic waves examples
radio, mircrowave, infrared, visible light, ultra violet, x rays, gamma rays.
white light
a mix of all light in the visible light spectrum
electromagnetic waves
comes from vibrations of charged particles.
