Physics 8.1.6

Question 1

What are the 5 Types of ‘Orbiting Bodies’ in our Solar System? What do they each Orbit? (5)

Answer 1

-Planet. Orbits the Sun.

-Moon. Orbits Planets.

-Comet. Orbits the Sun.

-Asteroid. Orbits the Sun.

-Artificial Satellite. Orbits Any Object or Body in the Solar System.

Question 2

A Smaller Body / Object will Orbit a…

Answer 2

Larger Body / Object.

Question 3

What Must there be in order for a Body / Object to Orbit a Larger Body / Object?

Answer 3

There has to be a Force Pulling it Towards the Larger Body / Object. This Force is Gravity.

Question 4

The Gravitational Force Exerted by the Larger Body on the Orbiting Object is Always…

Answer 4

Attractive.

Question 5

The Gravitational Force Exerted by the Larger Body Always Acts…

Answer 5

Towards the Centre of the Larger Body.

Question 6

The Gravitational Force is the ___ ___, because it will Cause the Smaller Body to Move, & Maintain in a ___ Path.

Answer 6

Centripetal Focus, Circular.

Question 7

Planets Travel Around the Sun in Orbits that are…

Answer 7

Circular.

Question 8

Objects in Circular Orbit are Travelling at a…

Answer 8

Constant Speed.

Question 9

The Orbit of a Body is a Circular Path. Therefore, the ___ in which the Object is Travelling will…

Answer 9

Velocity, Constantly Change.

Question 10

What does a Change in the Direction of Orbit Cause?

Answer 10

A Change in Velocity.

Question 11

What is ‘Acceleration’?

Answer 11

Acceleration is the Rate of Change of Velocity.

Question 12

Acceleration is the Rate of Change of Velocity. Therefore, if the Object is Constantly Changing Direction, then its ___ is Constantly Changing, Meaning that its ___ is Constantly Changing too, therefore, the Object in Orbit is ___.

Answer 12

Direction, Velocity, Accelerating.

Question 12

What is Needed to Cause an Acceleration?

Answer 12

A Resultant Force is Needed to Cause an Acceleration.

Question 13

What is the Resultant Force that Causes Objects in Orbit to Accelerate? Explain the Conditions.

Answer 13

The Resultant Force that Causes Object in Orbit to Accelerate is Gravity. It Must Act at Right Angles to the Instantaneous Velocity of the Object, to Create a Circular Orbit.

Question 14

What is the ‘Instantaneous Velocity’ of an Object in Orbit?

Answer 14

The Velocity at a Given Time.

Question 15

What are the Main Similarities in the Ways that the Planets Orbit the Sun? (3)

Answer 15

-Their Orbits are all Slightly Elliptical (Stretched Circle / Ovals), with the Sun at One Focus (Approx. the Centre of the Orbit Path).

-They All Orbit in the Same Plane.

-They All Travel the Same Direction Around the Sun.

Question 16

What are the Main Differences in the Ways that the Planets Orbit the Sun? (3)

Answer 16

-They Orbit at Different Distances from the Sun.

-They Orbit at Different Speeds.

-They all take Different Amounts of Time to Orbit the Sun.

Question 17

Planets Furthest from the Sun take the ___ Amount of Time to Orbit the Sun. They Travel at the ___ Speeds.

Answer 17

Longest, Slowest.

Question 18

Planets Closest to the Sun take the ___ Amount of Time to Orbit the Sun. They Travel at the ___ Speeds.

Answer 18

Shortest, Fastest.

Question 19

What do ‘Moon’ Orbit?

Answer 19

Moons Orbit Planets in a Circular Path.

Question 20

Some Planets will have more than one ___.

Answer 20

Moon.

Question 21

The Closer the Moon is to the Planet it Orbits: (2)

Answer 21

-The Shorter the Time it will Take to Orbit.

-The Greater the Speed at which it Orbits.

Question 22

An ‘Artificial Satellite’ needs to Travel at a Specific ___ to Maintain a ___ ___ at a Particular ___ from the Larger Object it is Orbiting.

Answer 22

Speed, Circular Orbit, Distance.

Question 23

If the Speed of an Artificial Satellite is too big: (2)

Answer 23

-The Radius of the Orbit will Decrease, & the Satellite will Move Towards the Object that it Should be Orbiting.

-This is Because the Gravitational Attraction is too Strong to Maintain a Constant Orbital Radius.

Question 24

If an Artificial Satellite is to Change the ___ at which it is Orbiting, then the ___ at which it is Travelling Must Change.

Answer 24

Radius, Speed.

Question 25

To Maintain a Stable Orbit in an Artificial Satellite: (2)

Answer 25

-If the Speed Increase, the Radius Must Decrease.

-If the Speed Decreases, the Radius Must Increase.