Physics Flashcards
1
Q
10^-9
A
Nano
2
Q
10^-6
A
Micro
3
Q
10^-3
A
Milli
4
Q
10^-2
A
Centi
5
Q
10^1
A
Deci
6
Q
10^3
A
Kilo
7
Q
10^6
A
Mega
8
Q
What is the mass of an e-?
A
9.11x10^-31 kg
9
Q
What is the mass of a proton?
A
1.67x10^-27 kg
10
Q
What is the elementary charge (charge of e-)?
A
1.602x10^-19 C
11
Q
What is the speed of light?
A
3x10^8 m/s
12
Q
How many C is the eV?
A
1 eV = 1.602x10^-19 C
13
Q
What is the unit for frequency?
A
Hertz (Hz)
14
Q
What is the unit for current (I)?
A
Ampere (C/s)
15
Q
What are the units for angular acceleration (α)?
A
Rad/s^2
16
Q
What are the units for angular momentum (L)?
A
Kg*(m^2) / s
17
Q
What are the units for angular velocity (ω)?
A
Rad/s
18
Q
What are the units for capacitance (C)?
A
Farad F (C/V)
19
Q
What is the conversion between coulomb and ampere?
A
C = A*s
20
Q
What are the units for density (ρ)?
A
Kg/m^3
21
Q
What are the units for electric field (E)?
A
V/m
22
Q
What are the units for ε(naught) (emf)?
A
Volt (V)
23
Q
What is the conversion of J?
A
J = (kg*m^2)/s^2
24
Q
What are the units for entropy (S)?
A
J/K
25
What is a Newton (N)?
N = kg*m/s^2 = J/m
26
What are the units for magnetic field?
B = Tesla (Wb/m^2)
T also = N / As = Ns / Cm
Wb = Weber
27
What are the units for momentum?
Kg*m/s
28
What are the units for electrical potential?
V = voltage = J/C
29
What are the units for power?
P = watt (W) = J/s
30
What are the units for resistance (Ω)?
Ohms Ω = V/A
31
What are the units for torque (τ)?
N*m
32
What is cos(0)?
(Sq. Root 4)/2 = 1
33
What is cos(30)?
(Sq. Root 3)/2
34
What is cos(45)?
(Sq. Root 2)/2 = 1/(sq. Root 2)
35
What is cos(60)?
(Sq. Root 1)/2 = 1/2
36
What is cos(90)
0
37
What is sin(0)?
0
38
What is sin(30)?
(Sq root 1)/2 = 1/2
39
What is sin(45)?
(Sq. Root 2)/2 = 1/(sq root 2)
40
What is sin(60)?
(Sq. Root 3)/2
41
What is sin(90)?
1
42
What is tan(0)?
0
43
What is tan(30)?
1/(sq. Root 3)
44
What is tan(45)?
1
45
What is tan(60)?
Sq root 3
46
How are Force, distance, and work related?
W=Fdcosθ
47
What is the work-energy theorem?
W(total) = ΔKE
48
How are Power, work, and time related?
P = W/t
49
How are power, force, and velocity related?
P = Fv if v is constant
50
What is mechanical energy?
ΔE = KE+ PE
51
What is the equation for center of mass?
(m1x1 + m2x2+...)/(m1 + m2 +....)
52
What is the equation for F due to static friction?
F = μ(s)(Fn)
Fn = normal force
53
What is the First law of thermodynamics?
ΔE = Q + W
54
How are work, pressure, and volume related?
W = PΔV
55
What is the equation for centripetal acceleration?
a = v^2/r
56
What are the equations for centripetal force?
F = ma = m(v^2/r)
a = centripetal acceleration
57
How are torque and force related?
Torque = τ = rFsin(θ) = LF
L = length of lever arm
58
How are momentum and velocity related?
p = mv
59
How are impulse and force related?
J = Ft
60
What is the impulse-momentum theorem?
J = Δp
61
What is the equation for stress?
S = F/A
62
What is the equation for strain?
Strain = ΔL/L
L = length
63
What is the equation for density?
ρ = mass/volume
64
What is the density of pure water
1000 kg/m^3
65
What is specific gravity?
density object / density water
66
What is the buoyant force?
F = (ρ fluid)*(volume submerged)*g
67
How are pressure and force related?
```
P = F/A
A = area
```
68
What is the gauge pressure?
Pgauge = P - Patm
69
What is Pascal’s law?
F1/A1 = F2/A2
70
What is the volume flow rate?
Flow = Av
71
What is the continuity equation?
A1v1 = A2v2
72
What is Bernoulli’s equation?
P1 + ρgy1 + 1/2ρv1^2 = P2 + ρgy2 + 1/2ρv2^2
```
ρ = density
v = velocity
```
73
What is current (I)?
I = Q/t
74
What is resistance?
R = V/I
```
R = p(L/A)
p = resistivity of material
L = length of wire
A = cross sectional area of wire
```
75
How do you find the total resistance in series?
R = R1 + R2 + ...
76
How do you find the total resistance in parallel?
1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2 +....
77
What is the power in a circuit?
P = IV = I^2/R = V^2/R
78
What is the power in an AC circuit?
P = I(rms)*V(rms) = (I(max)/2 * V(max)/2)
79
What is Hooke’s law for springs?
F = -kx
80
What is the PE of a spring?
1/2kx^2
81
How are frequency and period related?
```
f = 1/T
T = 1/f
```
82
What is the frequency of a spring?
f = (1/2π)*(sq root k/m)
83
What is the period of a spring.
T = 2π * (sq root m/k)
84
What is the frequency of a pendulum?
```
f = (1/2π) * (sq root g/L)
g = gravitational acceleration
L = length of arm to mass
```
85
How are frequency and wavelength related?
λf = v
86
What is the harmonic frequency (for springs/pendulums)?
f = n * (v/2L)
87
What is the harmonic wavelength (for springs/pendulums)?
λ = 2L/n
88
What is capacitance?
C = Q/V
89
What is the capacitance of a parallel plate?
ε(naught)*(A/d)
| ε(naught) = emf
90
What is the capacitance with dielectric?
C = κ * C(without)
91
What is the electric field between 2 plates?
E = V/d
92
What is the PE of the electric field?
PE = 1/2 QV = 1/2CV^2 = Q^2/2C
93
How are capacitors in series calculated?
1/C = 1/C1 + 1/C2 +...
94
How are capacitors in parallel calculated?
C = C1 + C2 +...
95
What is the velocity of sound?
v = sq root (B/ρ)
96
What is intensity?
I = Power / area
97
How is the intensity level calculated (in dB)?
β = 10log(I/I(naught))
98
What is the frequency of sound in an open-ended pipe?
f = (nv/2L)
99
What is the wavelength of sound in an open-ended pipe?
λ = (2L/n)
100
What is the frequency of sound in a closed-ended pipe?
f = (nv/4L)
101
What is the wavelength of sound in a closed-ended pipe?
λ = (4L/n) (odd n)
102
What is the beat frequency?
f = absolute value (f1 - f2)
103
What is the Doppler effect?
```
f = (v +/- vd)/(v -/+ vs)*fs
vd = speed at which detector is moving
vs = speed at which source is moving
v = speed of wave
fd = frequency heard by detector
fs = frequency emitted by source
```
104
Explain the Doppler effect
If the source and detector are moving CLOSER together (one or both), the detected frequency will be HIGHER than the emitted frequency
If the source and detector are moving FURTHER apart, the detected frequency will be LOWER than the emitted frequency
To sum: approaching higher detected frequency
receding lower detected frequency
105
What is Coulomb’s law?
F = k((abs value q1 * abs value q2)) / r^2)
106
What is the electric field due to a point charge?
E = k ((abs value Q) / r^2 )
107
What is the force of the electric field?
F = qE
108
What is the electric potential due to a point charge?
φ = k (Q/r)
109
What is the change in potential energy of the electric field?
ΔΡΕ = qΔφ = qV
110
What is the magnetic force?
F = q(v x B) = qvBsinθ
111
What is the energy of a photon?
```
E = hf = hc/λ
c = speed of light = 3.0 x 10^8 m/s
```
112
What is the index of refraction?
```
n = c/v
c = speed of light in vacuum
v = speed of light in media
```
113
What is the law of refraction?
θ1 = θ2
114
What is the Snell’s Law?
n1sinθ1 = n2sinθ2
115
What is the total internal refraction?
TIR occurs if θ1>θcrit, where sinθcrit = n2/n1
116
What is the mirror-lens equation?
(1/o) + (1/i) = 1/f
```
o = distance to object
i = distance to image
f = focal length
```
117
What is the focal length?
```
f = R/2
R = radius of curvature
```
118
What is magnification?
m = -i/o
119
What is the lens power?
```
P = 1/f
Ptotal = P1 + P2
```
120
What is the photoelectron energy?
KEmax = hf - φ
121
What is the stopping voltage?
-eVstop = KEmax
122
What is a^x * a^y?
a^x * a^y? = a^(x+y)
123
What is a^x / a^y?
a^x / a^y = a^(x-y)
124
What is (a^x)^y?
(a^x)^y = a^(x*y)
125
What is (a^0)?
a ^0 = 1
126
What is a^(-x)?
a^-x = 1/(a^x)
127
What is (a*b)^x?
(a*b)^x = a^x * b^x
128
What is (a/b)^x?
(a/b)^x = a^x / b^x
129
What is sq root (a*b)?
Sq root (a*b) = sq root (a) * sq root (b)
130
What is sq root (a/b)?
Sq root (a/b) = sq root (a) / sq root (b)
131
What is q-root (a^x)?
q-root (a^x) = a^(x/q)
132
How many radians are in 30 degrees?
Π/6
133
How many radians are in 45 degrees?
Π/4
134
How many radians are in 60 degrees?
Π/3
135
How many radians are in 90 degrees?
Π/2
136
How many radians are in 180 degrees?
Π
137
What is logb(y*z)?
Logb(y*z) = logb(y) + logb(z)
138
What is logb(y/z)?
Logb(y/z) = logb(y) - logb(z)
139
What is logb(y^z)?
Logb(y^z) = zlogb(y)
140
What are the 4 kinematic equations?
```
v = v(naught) + at
Δx = (v + v(naught))/2 * t
Δx = v(naught)*t + 1/2at^2
v^2 = v(naught)^2 + 2aΔx
```
