Physics Flashcards

Question

Looking for Xf with Vf without a

Answer 1

Xf= Xo + 1/2(Vf-Vo)t

Answer 2

Xf= Xo + Vot +1/2at^2

Answer 3

Vi=Vf=Vmax

Answer 4

constantly changing

Answer 5

constant (g)

Answer 6

Resistance to any change in state of motion

Answer 7

push or pull | vector quantity

Answer 8

Forces occur in pairs (equal but opposite force) | Fab=-Fba

Answer 9

Normal, Tension, Friction

Answer 10

perpendicular support force of a surface on an object

Answer 11

Pulling force on a hanging object

Answer 12

resistive force between two surfaces that are in contact or that move relative to each other

Answer 13

Static (at rest) | Kinetic (in motion)

Answer 14

1. law of orbits 2. Law of areas 3. Law of periods

Answer 15

Fg=Gx M1M2/r^2

Answer 16

G= 6.67 x10^-11

Answer 17

g= G(Mplanet)(r^2planet)

Answer 18

Acceleration due to change in velocity in terms of direction

Answer 19

a©= v^2/r

Answer 20

F©= mv^2/r

Answer 21

always toward the centre of circular path

Answer 22

Product of force on the object and displacement parellel to the force Scalar

Answer 23

``` W= Fd W= Fdcos(theta) ```

Answer 24

positive= f and d are parallel negative work= f and d are anti parallel no work= f is 0, d is 0, or f and d are perpendicular

Answer 25

Joule | Newton Meter

Answer 26

Rate of doing work

Answer 27

Watt | Joules/second

Answer 28

KE= 1/2mv^2

Answer 29

Energy by virtue of position

Answer 30

U= 1/2 kx^2 k is spring constant x is displacement from rest position

Answer 31

TME= KE + PE

Answer 32

change in energy of a system means work was done

Answer 33

Wtotal= delta ME= delta PE + delta KE

Answer 34

delta KE= delta -U

Answer 35

TME of isolated system remains unchanged delta TME= 0 TMEi=TMEf

Answer 36

Quantity of motion

Answer 37

p= mv follows the direction of v vector quantity

Answer 38

change in momentum

Answer 39

delta p= m(delta v) | J= Fave(delta t)

Answer 40

rate of change of momentum | F= (delta p)/(delta t)

Answer 41

N/sec or Kgm/sec

Answer 42

linear momentum of system is constant | pi=pf

Answer 43

strong interactions between bodies that last a relatively short time

Answer 44

Elastic- linear momentum and KE is conserved Non elastic- Linear momentum is conserved decrease in KE after collision. Completely ineleastic when 2 bodies stick together and move as one

Answer 45

1 position but rotating

Answer 46

Rotational equivalent of force | tendency of a farce to make a body rotate

Answer 47

``` t= Fl t= Fl(sin theta) ```

Answer 48

Point where weight of object is concentrated

Answer 49

equal if acceleration due to gravity is the same throughout the body

Answer 50

in the geometric centre for symmetrical bodies

Answer 51

1. translational equilibrium 2. rotational equilibrium 3. mechanical equilibrium

Answer 52

summation F= 0 | object does not accelerate

Answer 53

summation t= 0

Answer 54

negative; positive

Answer 55

anything that has the capacity to flow

Answer 56

mass per unit volume | p= m/v

Answer 57

ratio of density of substance to density of water relative density SG= p(obj)/p(water)

Answer 58

Pfluid= pgh

Answer 59

Xcog= summation (miXi)/ summation (mi)

Answer 60

Pascal | 1 N/m^2

Answer 61

Pressure applied to enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to every point in the fluid and to the walls of the container

Answer 62

F1/A1= F2/A2

Answer 63

A body submereged in fluid is buoyed up by a force equal to weight of the displaced fluid

Answer 64

Fb= dgV | Fb (Buoyant force) = W displaced liquid

Answer 65

A1V1=A2V2 | A= cross-sectional area of pipe

Answer 66

P1+dgh1+1/2dv1^2= P2+dgh2+1/2dv^2 P=pressure h= height

Answer 67

ave KE of particles in a substance

Answer 68

Tk= Tc + 273

Answer 69

Tc= Tk - 273

Answer 70

Tf= 9/5Tc +32

Answer 71

Tc= 5/9(Tf-32)

Answer 72

energy transferred due to temperature difference | hot to cold

Answer 73

Kcal | amount of heat needed to raise 1 kg of water 1 degree celcius

Answer 74

amount of energy needed to raise temp of a body 1 degree celcius

Answer 75

C= delta Q/ delta T

Answer 76

the amount of heat needed to change the temp of a unit of mass of substance by 1C

Answer 77

``` c= Q/m(deta T) c= C/m ```

Answer 78

Q=mC(delta T)

Answer 79

Q=mL | L is latent heat

Answer 80

pressure | dissolved substances increase BP if non volatile

Answer 81

delta L= (alpha)(delta T) --->aAT | proportional to change in temp

Answer 82

in a closed system, heal lost by one body is equal to heat gained by other body Qlost=Qgained

Answer 83

if 2 systems in insulation are in thermal equilibrium with a 3rd system then the 2 systems are in thermal equilibrium with each other

Answer 84

total energy change of a closed system is equal to the heat transferred to the system minus work done by the system Delta U= Q- W

Answer 85

1. Adiabatic= no heat transfer (Q=0) 2. Isochoric= constant volume process; system does no work to surroundings (W=0) 3. Isobaric= constant pressure process; work done by expanding gas (W=P(delta V) 4. isothermal= constant temp process

Answer 86

no conversion of heat to mechanical energy is 100% efficient | heat flows from hot to cold

Answer 87

W= Qh- Qc W is mechanical work h hot c cold

Answer 88

``` e= W/Qh e= 1- (Qc/Qh) ```

Answer 89

eideal= 1- (Tc/Th)

Answer 90

total amount of charge of an isolated system remains constant all substances are normally electrically neutral

Answer 91

FE= k(q1q2/r^2) FE is electrostatic force k is 9.0 x10^9 Nm^2

Answer 92

k is 9.0 x10^9 Nm^2

Answer 93

``` x= i hut y= j hut z= k hut ```

Answer 94

force per unit of charge

Answer 95

E= FE/qo FE is electric field qo is test charge

Answer 96

Newton per coulomb

Answer 97

Positive has electric field | negative accepts electric field

Answer 98

Energy of a charge by virtue of position in electric field | In a uniform electric field PEe is the work done by the electric field

Answer 99

Product of force magnitude and component displacement in the direction of force PEe= qoEd E is magnitude of electric field d- displacement of test chrge

Answer 100

electronvolt (eV)

Answer 101

electric potential energy per unit of charge

Answer 102

work that must be done to move a unit charge slowly from one point to another against electric force

Answer 103

amount of charge passing through a given point per unit of time

Answer 104

Ampere=coulomb per sec

Answer 105

Relates voltage, current and resistance | potential difference or voltage in a conductor is directly proportional to the current in the conductor

Answer 106

I= V/(Re+Ri) Re is ext resistance of the cell Ri is int resistance of cell

Answer 107

``` Vtotal= add all V or add all IR Itotal= add all I Rtotal= add all R ```

Answer 108

1/Rtotal= 1/R1 + 1/R2 etc

Answer 109

R= p(l/A) p isresistivity of wire l is length A is cross sectional area

Answer 110

algebraic sum of the currents (I) into any junction is 0

Answer 111

algebraic sum of the potential difference (V) in any loop must equal 0

Answer 112

P= VI= I^2R= V^2/R

Answer 113

measure of the ability of capacitor to store energy (PE) dependent on geometry and insulator ratio of charge to potential difference not dependent on charge and voltage

Answer 114

farad=coulomb/volt

Answer 115

C= Q/Vab Q is total charge Vab is voltage

Answer 116

C= EA/d A is area of plate Eo is constant d is distance

Answer 117

1/Cef= 1/C1 + 1/C2 +....

Answer 118

Cef= C1 + C2 +....

Answer 119

a charge moving in uniform magnetic field

Answer 120

FM= qvBsin(theta) B is magnetic field F= qv x B right hand rule for direction of FM

Answer 121

external to a magnet, lines of B leave north pole of magnet and enter south pole of a magnet

Answer 122

tesla= N/Am

Answer 123

1. Paramagnetism (feebly attracted by a strong magnet) 2. Ferromagnetism (strongly attracted by a magnet) 3. Diamagnetism (freely repelled by a strong magnet)

Answer 124

y=vlBsin(theta) | y is electromotive force

Answer 125

o= BAcos(theta) o is magnetic flux B is magetic flux density A is area of loop

Answer 126

electromotive force in a conductor is equal to the rate of change of the magnetic flux yi= -delta o/ delta t

Answer 127

emf and induced current are in a direction that tends to opposed the change that produced them

Answer 128

primary carries input power | secondary

Answer 129

``` V2= (N2/N1) V1 N1I1= N2I2 ```

Answer 130

backa nd forth motion along the same path

Answer 131

Fr= -ks Fr is restoring force k is constant s is elongation or compression

Answer 132

Ts=2π√m/k Ts is period of spring m is mass

Answer 133

Tp=2π√l/g l is length of string g is gravity

Answer 134

f= 1/T reciprocal of period w=2πf

Answer 135

transport of energy through a medium by the motion or change in the medium transport of energy and momentum from one point in a medium space to another without transport of matter

Answer 136

1. mechanical - require a medium 2. electromagnetic - does not require medium 3. transverse - direction of wave motion is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation 4. Longitudinal waves - direction of wave motion is parallel to direction of wave propagation

Answer 137

1. Wave pulse 2. wave train 3. Harmonic wave 4. wavefronts 5. crest 6. trough 7. amplitude A 8. wavelength λ 9. period T 10. frequency f 11. wave velocity v 12. relationships between v, f, λ, t

Answer 138

v= λf = λT where f = 1/T

Answer 139

single disturbance or distortion of shape of medium from normal

Answer 140

series of wave pulses

Answer 141

sinusoidal wave train that propagates down a string

Answer 142

curves of constant phase for 2D waves

Answer 143

highest point in wave

Answer 144

lowest point in a wave

Answer 145

max displacement form equilibrium position

Answer 146

distance between 2 consecutive identical points in a wave

Answer 147

time for 1 complete wave to pass a given point

Answer 148

number of waves that pass a given point per second

Answer 149

distance through which wave moves per second

Answer 150

1. Reflection - bouncing of wave due to barrier 2. Refraction - bending of wave due to change in medium 3. Diffraction - bending of wave due to an opening 4. Interference - meeting or overlapping of waves 5. Dispersion - changing in shape of wave gradually spreading out 6. resonance - increase in amplitude of a system when it oscillates due to a series of impulses that matches the natural frequency of the system

Answer 151

constructive - waves are n phase | destructive - waves are out of phase

Answer 152

apparent change in frequency of waves due to relative motion between observer and source of waves

Answer 153

combination of longitudinal and transverse characteristics particles trace circular or elliptical orbit as it moves along the wave wavelength is equal to the distance between two consecutive arcs

Answer 154

longitudinal wave

Answer 155

1. audible range = 20Hz< f < 20 x10^4 Hz 2. Infrasonic = f < 20x10^4 Hz 3. ultrasonic = f > 20x10^4Hz

Answer 156

energy transported over an area per unit of time

Answer 157

J/m^2s= W/m^2

Answer 158

β= 10db log (I/Io) | Io is equal to 10^-12

Answer 159

wave property that describes the orientation of the electric field vector of an EM wave

Answer 160

2.9979 x 10^8 m/sec