Physics Flashcards
What is the difference between Speed and Velocity?
Speed is how fast you’re going with no regard to direction whereas Velocity must have a specified direction. So Velocity is Speed in a certain direction.
The Y-axis on a distance-time graph represents what?
Distance
What is acceleration?
How quickly Velocity is changing
What unit is acceleration measured in?
m/s2 (squared)
How can you notice acceleration on a Velocity-Time graph?
The Gradient of the line
What unit is Weight measured in?
Newtons (N)
What is Mass measured in?
Kilograms (KG) or Grams BUT IN ALL EXAM QUESTIONS USE KG!!!!!
If a car is travelling with a driving force of 1000N and an Air Resistance of 600N what will the Resultant Force be?
400N
What is Resultant Force?
The Overall force on an object
What does an object need to start moving?
A Force
What does a no resultant force mean on an object?
No change in Velocity
A resultant force on an object means…
that the object accelerates.
When two objects interact what are the forces they exert on each other?
Equal and Opposite
What is a Positron? (Just for a bit of fun, Don’t need to know it)
The Anti-Matter counterpart of the Electron. It has the same mass and size but is positively charged
What is the unit of measurement for Charge?
Coulombs (Q)
What is the unit of measurement for Potential Difference (P.D)?
Volts (V)
What is the unit of measurement for Current (I)?
Amperes (A)
What is the unit of measurement for Energy?
Joules (J)
What is Ohm’s Law?
V=I x R, There is a direct proportion between all 3 as one increases the others increase also.
In a Series Circuit is the P.D the same across all components or shared equally from the original voltage (e.g. halved P.D for 2 components)?
The Potential Difference is shared equally across all components
In a Parallel Circuit is the P.D the same across all components or shared equally from the original voltage (e.g. halved P.D for 2 components)?
The Potential Difference is the same across all of the components
Why are Ammeters always connected in series?
To measure the Current going through the circuit
Why are Voltmeters always connected in parallel?
To measure the Potential Difference either side of a component
What is the frequency of mains electricity?
50 Hertz
What colour is the live wire in a mains electrical appliance?
Brown
What is the couloir of the neutral wire in a mains electrical appliance?
Blue
What is the colour of the earth wire in a mains electrical appliance?
Green and yellow bands
Name a type of circuit breaker
Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB)
How do circuit breakers protect the circuit if the current is too high?
They break the circuit by opening a switch
How do fuses protect the circuit when the current is too high?
The fuse melts, thereby breaking the circuit
Finish the Sentence: All resistors produce ……… when a current flows through them.
Heat
What does it mean if an appliance is more efficient?
It wastes less energy
Who came up with the idea of the nuclear model (a nucleus)
Rutherford and Marsden
What factors influence the amount of radiation dose you receive?
Land and Occupation
What charge does an Alpha particle have?
Positive Charge (+)
What charge does Beta Particle have?
Negative charge (-)
What is Half-Life?
The average time it takes for the number of nuclei in a radioactive isotope sample to halve
What are some uses of radiation?
Smoke detectors
Tracers in medicines
Radiotherapy
Sterilisation
What are the effects of ionisation?
In large amounts kills cells
In small amounts can cause mutation (e.g cancer)
Why is Lead used in radiation safety precautions?
It absorbs all 3 types of radiation
What is Nuclear Fission?
The splitting up of large nuclei
What is nuclear fusion?
The joining together of small nuclei
What is the life cycle of a star that is about he same size as our sun?
Nebula-> Protostar-> Main Sequence Star-> Red Giant-> White Dwarf -> Black Dwarf
What is the life cycle of a star larger than our sun?
Nebula-> Main Sequence Star-> Red SUPER Giant-> Supernova-> Neutron Star OR Black Hole
Where are elements up to iron formed?
Inside late stages of a Red SUPER Giant
Where are elements heavier than iron formed?
During a Supernova
Did you know…
That a section of a Black Hole as large a pinhead would be impossible to lift by anyone or anything (You don’t need to know that but it is rather interesting)
