Physics 2024

Question 1

atom

Answer 1

the basic unit of matter and the smallest particle that retains its characteristics in a chemical reaction

Question 2

charge separation

Answer 2

the imbalance of charges between two locations (also known as ‘static electricity’)

Question 3

conductor

Answer 3

a material that has free electrons and allows electrons to flow through it

Question 4

current

electric current

Answer 4

the flow of charges from one location to another, measured in amperes (A)

1 amp = 6, 250, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000 electrons per sec

Question 5

elementary charge

Answer 5

the size of the charge of a single electron or proton

Question 5

resistance

electrical resistance

Answer 5

the opposition to electron flow provided by a material, measured in ohms (Ω)

1 ohm = 1 volt/1 amp

Question 6

EMF

voltage

Answer 6

the energy (per unit charge) provided to a circuit by a power source, measured in volts (V)

Question 7

energy

Answer 7

the ability to do work, measured in joules (J)

Question 7

free electron

Answer 7

an electron that is not tightly held by its nucleus

Question 8

insulator

Answer 8

a material that does not have free electrons and typically does not allow charge to flow through it

Question 9

load

Answer 9

any part of an electrical circuit that transforms electrical potential energy into another kind of energy

Question 9

resistor

Answer 9

an object that resists the flow of electrons

Question 10

ion

Answer 10

a particle that has a positive or negative charge; an atom (or molecule) that is not electrically neutral.

Question 11

potential difference

Answer 11

the energy (per unit charge*) transformed by a load, measured in volts (V)

*joules per electron that travels through a certain point

Question 12

power

Answer 12

the amount of energy that is transformed by a load every second, measured in watts (W)

1 Watt = 1 joule/1 second

Question 13

5 types of potential energy

Answer 13

electric, gravitational, chemical, elastic, nuclear

Question 14

4 types of moving energy

Answer 14

thermal, light, sound, kinetic

Question 15

Kens Gel Ct

Answer 15

kinetic energy, elastic potential energy, nuclear potential energy, sound energy, gravitational potential energy, electrical potential energy, light energy, chemical potential energy, thermal energy

Question 16

the Law of Conservation of Energy

Answer 16

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed; only transformed or transferred.

Question 17

the Law of Electrostatic Attraction

Answer 17

opposites attract, likes repel.
Objects that are oppositely charged will feel an attractive force towards one another, but objects that are similarly charged will feel a repulsive force away from each other.

Question 18

the relationship between the EMF across an object and the current through the object

Answer 18

as the emf increases across an object, the current thorugh the object increases.

Question 19

3 ways a charge can be neutralised

Answer 19

brought near an oppositely charged object, contact with the ground, sat in the air

Question 20

the relationship between the resistance of an object and the current through the object

Answer 20

as the resistance of an object increases, the current through the object decreases.

(if the voltage is constant)

Question 21

4 factors that affect resistance in a wire

Answer 21

material, length, thickness, temperature

Question 22

the relationship between the length and resistance of a wire

Answer 22

as the length of the wire increases, the resistance of the wire increases

they have longer to go

Question 23

the relationship between the thickness and resistance of a wire

Answer 23

as the thickness of the wire increases, the resistance of the wire decreases

imagine trying to fit lots of people into a thin tube

Question 24

the relationship between the temperature and resistance of a wire

Answer 24

as the tempreure of the wire increases, the resistance of the wire increases

think of trying to move in a crowd

Question 25

Ohm’s Law

Answer 25

V = IR

voltage (V) = current (A) * resistance (Ω)

Question 26

3 components of a complete circuit

Answer 26

power source, load(s), path for free electrons to flow around the whole circuit

Question 27

2 ways to calculate power

Answer 27

P = IV & P = E/t

power (W) = current (A) x voltage (V) & power (W) = energy (J)/time (s)

Question 28

kinetic energy

Answer 28

Ek

Question 29

elastic potential energy

Answer 29

Eep

Question 30

nuclear potential energy

Answer 30

En

Question 31

sound energy

Answer 31

Es

Question 32

gravitational potential energy

Answer 32

Ep

Question 33

electric potential energy

Answer 33

Ee

Question 34

light energy

Answer 34

El

Question 35

chemical potential energy

Answer 35

Ecp

Question 36

thermal energy

Answer 36

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