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Anthropology > Physics > Flashcards

Physics Flashcards

1
Q

Precision

A

How close the measured values are to similar value

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2
Q

Accurate

A

How close a measured value is to the real value

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3
Q

Random error

A

Results where the last digit is estimated, can be reduced by taking several measurements.

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4
Q

Systemic error

A

Due to a problem with measuring devices, reduced by adding or subtracting the error or calibrating the device.

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5
Q

Motion

A

Involves a change in position of an object over time.

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6
Q

Kinematics

A

The study of motion

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7
Q

Uniform motion

A

mouvement at a fixed speed in a set direction(straight line).

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8
Q

Non-uniform motion

A

mouvement that involves changes in speed and direction or both

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9
Q

Vectors

A

A line segment that represents motion from start to finish

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10
Q

Scalar quantities

A

only have magnitude(size)

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11
Q

Vector quantities

A

have both magnitude and direction

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12
Q

Position

A

Distance and direction of an object from a reference point, vector quantity

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13
Q

Displacement

A

The change in an object’s position, vector quantiy

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14
Q

Speed

A

Distance travelled per unit time, scalar quantity

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15
Q

Velocity

A

Displacement of an object per unit time, vector quantity.

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16
Q

Acceleration

A

Rate of change of velocity per unit time

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17
Q

Position time graph

A

Describes the position of an object over time, straight line represents constant velocity, slope represents velocity

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18
Q

velocity-time graph

A

Describes the velocity of an object over time, slope of the graph represents acceleration of the object, steeper the slope the greater the accleration, area under a velocity time graph gives the displacement

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19
Q

Acceleration-time graph

A

Describes the acceleration of an object over time, area under graph gives the change in velocity

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20
Q

Forces

A

A push or pull acting on an object

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21
Q

Applied force

A

Force applied to an object by a person or another object

22
Q

Gravity Force

A

directed downwards towards the centre pf earth

23
Q

Normal force

A

The force perpendicular to the surface of contact

24
Q

Friction force

A

The force exerted by a surface as an object slides across it

25
Q

Tension force

A

The force transmitted through a string

26
Q

Spring Force

A

The force exerted by a streeched or compressed spring.

27
Q

Gravitational force

A

Weak force, longest range

28
Q

Electromagnetic force

A

Caused by electric charges, attraction or repulsion, holds atom and molecules together, strong force and long range

29
Q

Strong nuclear force

A

between particules in the nucleus of an atom, strongest force, short range

30
Q

Weak nuclear force

A

holds elementary particles together, responsible for radioactive decay, strong force, short range

31
Q

newton’s 2 law of motion

A

If the net external force of an object is not zero, the object will accelerate

32
Q

newtons’s 3 law of motion

A

For every action force there is a reaction force equal in magnitude but opposite in direction. the action-reaction law

33
Q

Newton’s 1 law

A

law of inertia: property of matter that causes it to resist changes in motion, more mass=more inertia. If the net external force on an object is zero, the object will remain at rest or continue to move at constant velocity.

34
Q

Friction

A

Resists motion and acts in a direction opposite to the direction of motion

35
Q

Static friction

A

Force that prevents a stationary object from starting to move. AMount of force an object must overcome in order to start moving

36
Q

Kinetic friction

A

Force that acts against an object that is in motion, acts in the oppsite direction of mouvement.

37
Q

Mass

A

Quantity of matter in an object, constant

38
Q

Weight

A

Measure of the force of gravity acting on the object

39
Q

Mechanical work

A

When a force displaces the object in the same direction of the force

40
Q

work

A

directly proportional to both applied force and displacement

41
Q

positive work

A

Force and displacement are in the same direction, speed increases, adds energy to system

42
Q

negative work

A

removes energy from the system, force and displacement are in opposite directions, speed of the object decreases.

43
Q

kinetic energy

A

energy possessed by a moving object, faster and object moves=greater kinetic energy

44
Q

energy

A

the ability to do work, scalar quantity

45
Q

Potential energy

A

A stored form of energy, ability of an object to do work, greater the height of the object=greater potential energy

46
Q

the sum of kinetic and potential energy=

A

mechanical energy

47
Q

energy transformation

A

The conversion of energy from one form to another

48
Q

law of conservation of energy

A

the total amount of energy in the universe is conserved, energy is neither creater nor destroyed, it is changed from form to form, none is lost

49
Q

Efficiency

A

a ratio, useful energy provided by the device to the energy required to operate the device

50
Q

Power

A

The rate at which energy is transformed or the rate at which work is done, scalar, in watts

51
Q

Waves

A

Disturbances that transfer energy over a distance

52
Q

Vibration

A

Cyclical motion about an equilibrium point

Anthropology (4 decks)

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