Physics Flashcards
What impacts gravitational field the most?
Radius
The bigger the radius the more the gravitational field will decrease
How to convert days into seconds
1) find out how many seconds are in a day by
24hr x 60 (to get min) x 60 (to get seconds)
2) multiply that total by the amount of days asked in the question
Conversion tips
1) Determine which unit is bigger and which is smaller
2) Use chart to determine what to multiply / divide by
3) if small -> large = divide
if large -> small = multiply
Gravitational field
- Attraction acts to pull a smaller object towards s larger massive one.
Points towards the object (ex: arrows point towards the earth)
What happens to field strength if mass increases?
(look at formula to help you figure it out)
What happens to field strength if radius increases?
If the mass increases the field strength increases
If Radius increases the field strength decreases
Electrical field diagram
Negative = Charges attract towards
Positive = Charges attract away from
( santa’s elves turn bad and away from good)
(we can see this later when away from north pole and towards south pole in magnetic field strength)
Grounding
Providing a path for electrons to flow from an object towards the ground so that it becomes uncharged or neutral.
Magnetic fields: Ferromagnetic ( Strong magnets) where are the domains
- tiny magnetic ( domains inside)
- All magnets ( domains aligned)
Magnetic fields: what makes the Field strength increase and decrease
Decrease with distance (pulling apart)
Increase with strength of magnet
Magnetic fields: field lines
To determine direction use “north” test body
** Field lines go out of the north pole and into the south pole
(what happens to bad elves)
How does a motor work
1) As a current flows through the coil, a magnetic feild is generated
2) The magnetic field generated by the coil will interact with the permanent magnet.
3) Then can be used to make things spin and turn for different purposes ex: hair dryer
Motion cycle (when you have two the third is produced) What are the the three contents of this cycle.
1) Current / electrons (electrical field)
2) Magnet (magnetic field)
3) Motion / Movement
Generators
- Opposite energy conservations as motors
= generators convert mechanical energy into electric energy.
Motor produce mechanical energy
Generator produces electrical energy
List ways to make a stronger motor (x5)
1) Increasing number of coils
2) increase strength of magnet
3) changing magnet shape
4) increasing voltage
5) wrapping wire around metal
Alternating current ( + diagram)
= Electrons flow in both directions
(squiggly line diagram)
I
I vvvvvvvvvvv
——————-
Direct current ( + diagram)
= electrons flow in one direction in a current
(straight line diagram)
I
I —————–
——————
What do batteries create
Voltage
- Which is electrical potential energy that is available for work
What is resistance measured in
Ohms
Series circuit
Box circuit with no allies or pathways, have the most resistance (especially if theres more resistors)
Parallel circuit
Circuit with rows/pathways/allies within it, less resistance the more pathways there is.
3 ways we can be protected against electric shock
1) Fuses
2) Circuit breakers
3) Polarized Plugs
Fuses (what do they do)
If the current is too high \, ruse coordinator overheats and melts
as a safety precaution the circuit is ten broken to stop the current.
Circuit breaker
Opens circuit automatically if current is too high
If current rises above a safe level, breaker tips and circuit is broken
Ohm’s law ( what happens to the current if the voltage goes up?)
Current goes up volts go up
And as resistance goes up current goes down (resistors slow down current)
What are transformers used for?
To change voltage & current of the electricity being delivered
What are transformers made of?
= 2 coils of insulated wire wrapped around an iron core.
What’s the difference between primary vs secondary
Primary = receives input voltage
Secondary = supplies the output voltage
