Physics Flashcards
what is heat?
heat is the transfer of thermal energy from one thing to another thing
what is the particle model?
the particle model is a scientific theory that explains the properties of solids, liquids, and gases.
what is temperature?
temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in an object
what are the different temperature scales?
their is Fahrenheit , Celsius, and kelvin
what do they boil at?
F boils at 212 F, C boils at 100º, and K boils at 375 K
What do they freeze at?
F freezes at 32 F , C freezes at 0º, and K freezes at 273 K
what is conduction?
conduction is where heat moves from one object to another through touch
what is convection?
Convection is where heat moves through liquid or air
what is radiation?
radiation is energy that travels at the speed of light
what are conductors?
conductors are a material that allows electricity to flow through them
what are insulators?
insulators are materials that do not allow electricity to flow through them.
what are transverse waves?
transverse waves motion in which points on a wave move horizontally
what are longitudinal waves?
longitudinal waves are waves that move in the same direction of the wave.
how do sound waves travel?
they travel by using diagrams to omit through objects such as sound, air and wood
what does SONAR stand for?
it stands for sound navigation and ranging.
what unit measures frequency?
hertz
what are the semi circular canals in your ears used for?
to regulate balance for your head
what are the properties in light?
they include intensity, propagation, direction, frequency, wavelength spectrum, and polarisation.
what is a luminous object?
an object that emits its own light.
what is the law of reflection?
The law of reflection is that the incident ray, the reflected ray, and the normal surface of the mirror all lie within the same plane.
what is lateral inversion?
Lateral inversion in plane mirrors is the reversal of mirror images when the right side of the object is on the left side behind the mirror.
how is a real image formed?
A real image is formed by the actual intersection of light rays
how is a virtual image formed?
A virtual image is formed by the imaginary intersection of light rays.
what is reflection?
Reflection is the throwback of a body, surface, heat, light or sound without absorbing it.
how does refflection work?
Reflection occurs when light traveling through one material bounces off of another material.
what is total internal reflection?
Total internal reflection is the complete reflection of a ray of light within a medium such as water or glass from the surrounding surfaces back into the medium.
what are concave lenses?
Concave lenses have a curved inside surface to magnify objects.
what are convex lenses?
Convex lenses are thicker at the centre and thinner at the edges allowing for a focal point.
what are longtitudinal waves?
longitudinal waves are waves where particle motion is in the same direction in which the waves are propagating.transverse waves move side to side.
what are transverse waves?
transverse waves are waves that motion along all points on a wave oscillate along paths at right angles.transverse waves move up and down.
where is the crest?
the higher surface of the wave
where is the trough?
the lowest part of the wave
what is amplitude?
the maximum amount of displacement of particles from its rest position.
what is frequency?
the number of waves that pass a fixed point in time.
what is wavelength?
the distance of the waves shape and when it repeats
what is the rest position?
the middle line in and out of a wave
high energy waves
have a higher amplitude
low energy waves
have a smaller amplitude
what are electromagnetic waves?
electromagnetic waves are generated naturally in our upper atmosphere and from our stars, including the sun.
what do electromagnetic waves consist of?
electromagnetic waves consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields travelling t the speed of light (300,000,000m/s)
transverse waves
when the coil moves perpendicular to the waves it is called a transverse waves
longitudinal waves
when the coils move from left to right, the wave is called a longitudinal wave.
What are AM and FM?
AM and FM waves are radio stations.
AM?
amplitude modulation is where the signal is used to change or modulate the amplitude of the carrier wave.
FM?
frequency modulation where the signal is used to change the frequency of the carrier wave.
What is plasma?
Plasma is a heated up gas, that has electrons in it.
what is the visible spectrum?
Visibler spectrum is the range of colours that can be seen by the eye.
what are the primary colours?
Primary colours (blue, red, green) are used to make White light.
what are the secondary colours?
secondary colours( magenta, yellow, and cyan) make white light aswell.
what is colour blindness?
Colour blindness is when cones in the retina of the eye that detects colour ( red, blue, and green) do not work correctly (generic, inherited)
how do polarised sunglasses work?
Polarised sunglasses, work because they are coated in a material that reduces light glaire, that also allows the light to be reflected away making you see better.
what is dispersion?
dispersion is when white light passes through a prism and spits into colours in a visible spectrum.
