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matric trials and finals > physics > Flashcards

physics Flashcards

definitions

1
Q

define normal force

A

the force or component of the force which a surface exerts on an object in which it is in contact with and which is perpendicular to the surface

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2
Q

define frictional force

A

the force that opposes the motion of an object and which acts parallel to the surface

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3
Q

define static frictional force

A

the force that opposes the tendency of motion of a stationary object relative to the surface

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4
Q

define kinetic frictional force

A

the force that opposes thethe motion of moving object relative to the surface

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5
Q

define newtons first law

A

a body will remain in its state of res or motion until a non zero resultant/net force is acted on it

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6
Q

define newtons second law

A

when a resultant /net force is exerted on an object the object will accelerate in the direction of the force with an acceleration directly proportional to the force and inversely proportional to the mass of the object

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7
Q

define newtons third law

A

when object A exerts a force on object B object B will exert an oppositly directed force of equal magnitude onto object A

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8
Q

define newtons universal law of graitation

A

every particle attracts every other particle with a gravitational force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely propotionalto distance between their centres

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9
Q

define weight

A

the gravitational force the earth exerts on an object on or near its surface w=mg

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10
Q

define weightlessness

A

the sensation experienced when all contact forces have been removed

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11
Q

define momentum

A

the product of an objects mass and velocity

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12
Q

define linear momentum

A

a vector quantity with the same direction as the velocity of the object

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13
Q

define newtons second law in terms of momentum

A

the net/resultant force of an object is equal to the rate of change of momentum of the object in the direction of the net force

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14
Q

define impulse

A

the product of the net force acting on an object an the time in which the net force acts on the object

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15
Q

define isolated system

A

a system in which the net external force is zero

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16
Q

state the principal of conservation of linear momentum

A

the total linear momentum of an isolated remains constant

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17
Q

define collision

A

a collision is an isolated event which two or more moving bodies exert a force on each other over a short time

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18
Q

define a system

A

a collection of two or more objects that interect with each other

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19
Q

define an elastic collision

A

kinetic energy in a system is conserved

20
Q

define inelastic collison

A

kinetic energy in a system is not conserved

21
Q

define work done

A

work done on an object by a constant force a Fxcos(angle) where F is the magnitude between the force x is the magnitude of the displacement and (angle) is the angle between the force and the displacement

22
Q

define work

A

is done when a force acts on an object and causes it to move in a direction parallel to the force

23
Q

define the work energ theorem

A

the work done on an object by a net force is equal to the change in the objects kinetic energy

24
Q

define connservative force

A

force for which the work done in moving an object between two points is independent of the path take

25
Q

define non conservative force

A

force for which the work done in moving an object between to points is dependent of the path taken

26
Q

examples of non conservative force

A

frictional force
air resistance
tension in a chord

27
Q

examples of conservative force

A

gravitational force
elastic force in a spring
electrostatic force

28
Q

state the principal of conservation of mechanical energy

A

the total mechanical energy of an isolated system remains constant

29
Q

define power

A

the rate at which work is done or energy is expended

30
Q

define doppler effect

A

percieved change in frequency or pitch of the sound detected by the listener because the sound source and the listener have different velocities reletive to the medium of sound propaganda

31
Q

define frequency

A

the number of waves that pass a point in one second

32
Q

define period

A

the time taken for one wave to occur

33
Q

define wavelength

A

the distance between two consecutive points in phase

34
Q

define soundwave

A

is emitted in all directions

35
Q

define projectile

A

an object which has been given an initial velocity and the it moves under the influence of gravitational force only

36
Q

define free fall

A

motion during which the only force acting on an object is the gravitational force

37
Q

define terminal velocity

A

is the constant velocitiy that a free falling object eventyally reaches when the air resistance prevents further acceleration

38
Q

define ohms law

A

the potential difference across a conductor is directly proportional to the current in the conductor at a constant temperature

39
Q

define EMF

A

the amount of electrical energy supplied y the battery per coulomb at charge moved between its terminal

39
Q

define current

A

the rate of the flow of charge

40
Q

define coulombs law

A

the magnitude of the electrostaic force exerted by one point charge on another point charge is directly proportional to the product of the magnitude of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them

41
Q

define electric fields

A

a reigion of space in which an electric charge experiences a force

42
Q

define terminal potential differnce

A

the potential difference across the terminals of a battery when there is a current in the circuit

43
Q

define resistance

A

the opposition of the flow of charge

43
Q

define potential difference

A

between two points in a circuit is the work done in moving unit charge (one coulomb) from one point to the other

matric trials and finals (3 decks)

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