chemistry

Question 1

boiling point

Answer 1

the temperature at which the vapour pressure of a liquid equals the external atmospheric pressure

Question 2

melting point

Answer 2

the temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance are at equilibrium

Question 3

vapour pressure

Answer 3

the pressure exerted by a vapour at equilibrium with its liquid in a closed system

Question 4

molecular formula

Answer 4

a chemical formula that indicates the element and number of each of the atoms in a molecule

Question 5

structural formula

Answer 5

a structural formula of a compound shows which atoms are attached to which within the molecule

Question 6

condensed molecular formula

Answer 6

this notation shows the way in which atoms are bonded together in the molecule but not show all bond lines

Question 7

hydrocarbon

Answer 7

organic compounds that consist of hydrogen and carbon only

Question 8

homologous series

Answer 8

a series of organic compounds that can be described by the same general fromula or in which one member differs from the next with a ch2 group

Question 9

saturated compounds

Answer 9

compounds in which there are no multiple bonds between the carbon atoms in their hydrocarbon chains

Question 10

unsaturated compounds

Answer 10

compounds with one or more multiple bonds between carbon atoms in their hydrocarbon chain

Question 11

structural isomers

Answer 11

organic molecules with the same molecular formula but a different structural formula

Question 12

meth-

Answer 12

1

Question 12

functional bonds

Answer 12

a bond or a group of atoms that determines the physical and chemical properties of a group of organic compounds

Question 13

positional isomers

Answer 13

same molecular but different positions of the side chain substituents or functional groups on the parent chain

Question 14

but-

Answer 14

4

Question 15

eth-

Answer 15

2

Question 16

prop-

Answer 16

3

Question 17

pent-

Answer 17

5

Question 18

hex-

Answer 18

6

Question 19

hept-

Answer 19

7

Question 20

oct-

Answer 20

8

Question 21

non-

Answer 21

9

Question 22

dec-

Answer 22

10

Question 23

methyl

Answer 23

1 branches

Question 24

ethyl

Answer 24

2 branches

Question 25

propyl

Answer 25

3 branches

Question 26

heat of the reaction

Answer 26

the energy absorbed or released in a chemical reaction

Question 27

exothermic H<0

Answer 27

reactions that release energy

Question 28

endothermic H>0

Answer 28

reactions that absorb energy

Question 29

actvation energy

Answer 29

the minimum amount of energy required for a reaction to take place

Question 30

activated complex

Answer 30

the unstable transition state from reactants to products

Question 31

reaction rate

Answer 31

the change in concentration of reactants or products per unit time

Question 32

factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions

Answer 32

nature of reacting substances
surface area
concentration
pressure for gases
temperature
the presence of a catalyst

Question 33

collision theory

Answer 33

a model that explains reactions rate as the result of particels colliding with a certain minimum energy to form products