Physics Flashcards
Circuit symbol for bulb:
circle with cross inside
Circuit symbol for Cell:
A battery is represented by two parallel lines of different lengths, with the longer line indicating the positive terminal and the shorter line indicating the negative terminal.
Circuit symbol for resistor:
zigzag line
Charged object:
imbalance of protons and electrons resulting in positive or negative net charge
Opposite charges attract, same charges repel
Insulator:
does not allow electric charges to move freely (rubber, plastic, wood)
Conductor:
Conductor materials are made up of atoms where the electrons are loosely held by the nucleus this allows electric charges to move freely (metals, water, graphite)
Electrical current:
flow of electric charges through a conductor or circuit. SI Unit: Amperes
Series circuit:
The components are connected one after another in a single loop. The current is the same anywhere in the circuit
Parallel Circuit:
A parallel circuit is a circuit where there are multiple paths for the current to flow. The components are connected in separate branches that split from and join back to the main loop. The sum of the currents is always the same as the total
What is the charge of a proton, a neutron, and an electron?
A proton has a positive charge, a neutron has no charge, and an electron has a negative charge.
What happens when two objects with the same charge come near each other?
They repel each other due to the electrostatic force between them.
Static Electricity:
Stationary Electricity. Imbalance of electrical charges. Formed when electrons are rubbed off onto another material. Charges within or on a surface and through a discharge (transfer of electrons) neutralises the charges showing in the form of Sparks or Lightning
What are some examples of static electricity in nature?
Some examples are lightning, thunderstorms, dust storms, and auroras.
Ohm’s Law:
A rule that relates the current, voltage and resistance in a circuit. It says that the voltage is equal to the current times the resistance, or V = IR.
Volts:
The unit of electric potential, which measures how much energy could be transferred by the electric charge in a circuit. The symbol for volts is V. Measured with a Voltameter. It is measured across a resistor as the electric potential difference
