PHYSICS

Question 1

what is potential energy?

Answer 1

potential energy is energy stored in an object relative to some other thing.

Question 2

another way of saying “relative”?

Answer 2

= “in comparison to”

Question 3

how is electrical potenital energy determined?

Answer 3

electrical potential is determined by the relative difference in the strength of positive and negative charges.
- also dependent on the distance between charges.

Question 4

the harder it is to separate two opposing charges…?

Answer 4

the more potential energy there is between them.

Question 5

what is static energy?

Answer 5

static energy is the build-up of an unbalanced charge in one area.

Question 6

what does a simple circuit require?

Answer 6

• a supply of energy - battery
• a closed loop for the current to flow through.
• somewhere to drop that energy/ something to power. - load

Question 7

what is the potential difference?

Answer 7

the difference of electrical potential between two points.

Question 8

what is it called when a circuit only has a power supply and conductor?

Answer 8

• a short circuit

Question 9

what do loads do?

Answer 9

they take all the excess energy from the electrons and slow down their travel.

Question 10

what is current?

Answer 10

the number of electrons flowing through a circuit at a particular point per second.

Question 11

measurement for current?

Answer 11

Amperes (Amps)

Question 12

how to measure current in a circuit?

Answer 12

ammeters are tools we use to measure. we place them in the circuit in series to the lightbulb.

Question 13

what is voltage?

Answer 13

the amount of potential energy between two points in a circuit

Question 14

how to measure voltage?

Answer 14

Voltmeters are used to measure voltage in a circuit. They need to be connected to 2 different points in a circuit. They are positioned parallel to the lightbulb.

Question 15

current remains…

Answer 15

CONSTANT AS IT FLOWS THROUGH A CIRCUIT

Question 16

what is the rule for current in a series circuit?

Answer 16

The current in a series circuit is the same at each resistor present in the circuit.

Question 17

what is the rule for current in a parallel circuit?

Answer 17

The total current in a parallel circuit equals the sum of the individual branch currents.

Question 18

what is the rule for voltage in a series circuit?

Answer 18

the total voltage is the total sum of the voltages across each component

Question 19

what is the rule for voltage in a parallel circuit?

Answer 19

the voltage across each of the components stays the same.

Question 20

what is an insulator and conductor?

Answer 20

Insulators = materials that do not allow electricity to pass through them
Conductors = allow electricity to flow through them.

Question 21

two reasons why insulation is important

Answer 21

• provide protection
• make the flow of energy more efficient

Question 22

what is resistance? and its measurement unit

Answer 22

the friction encountered by an electron as it moves through a circuit. Measured in Ohms

Question 23

what happens when resistance is high?

Answer 23

electron moves slower, meaning current is reduced

Question 24

what is ohms law?

Answer 24

voltage is directly proportional to current when the resistance is constant.

Question 25

what is magnetism?

Answer 25

the force exerted by magnets when they attract or repel each other.

Question 26

electric currents produce magnetic fields. therefore, increasing the current means

Answer 26

the magnetic field will be stronger.

Question 27

what is a solenoid?

Answer 27

a type of electromagnet formed by a helical coil of wire which is used to turn electric energy into mechanical energy.

Question 28

what does an electric current experience when placed in a magnetic field?

Answer 28

a force

Question 29

What kind of magnet can be turned on and off?

Answer 29

electro-magnet

Question 30

why does a voltmeter need to be connected in parallel to the lightbulb

Answer 30

because objects in parallel experience the same potential difference.