CHEMISTRY

Question 1

what is the atomic number?

Answer 1

the number of protons in an atom

Question 2

what is atomic mass?

Answer 2

the total mass of the nucleus

Question 3

how to calculate atomic mass?

Answer 3

No. of protons + No. of neutrons

Question 4

What is a core charge?

Answer 4

the measure of the nucleus’s pull on its valence electrons

Question 5

what are electrons attracted to?

Answer 5

the positive charge of a nucleus

Question 6

what is it called when full inner shell electrons repel the valence electrons?

Answer 6

shielding

Question 7

what do full inner shells act as?

Answer 7

barriers to valence electrons

Question 8

how to calculate core charge?

Answer 8

No. of protons in nucleus - No. of electrons in the full inner shell.

Question 9

what is ionization energy?

Answer 9

the amount of energy required for an atom to lose valence electrons

Question 10

electronegativity trend in periodic table?

Answer 10

increases across a period and decreases down a group

Question 11

where are the most reactive elements found?

Answer 11

in the bottom left corner of the periodic table.

Question 12

what is the atomic radius?

Answer 12

the distance from the atom’s nucleus to the outer edge of the electron cloud.

Question 13

what is a single displacement reaction?

Answer 13

it is when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal in an ionic compound.

Question 14

what is one rule for single displacement to occur?

Answer 14

the metal outside the ionic compound is more reactive than the metal already in the ionic compound.

Question 15

what is a precipitation reaction?

Answer 15

when two solutions are added together and form an insoluble “precipitate”

Question 16

soluble and insoluble

Answer 16

soluble = can dissolve
insoluble = will not dissolve

Question 17

when does a chemical reaction occur?

Answer 17

when the atoms of the reactants rearrange themselves into a new product

Question 18

what are the requirements of collision theory?

Answer 18

1. reactants must collide
2. they must collide with the correct orientation
3. they must collide with enough energy

Question 19

what is the “rate of reaction”?

Answer 19

How many collisions are happening in a time frame, or how much product is created in a time frame?

Question 20

what are factors that increase the rate of reaction?

Answer 20

• increase the temperature
• increase the pressure
• increase the concentration
• increase the surface area
• adding a catalyst

Question 21

Define a precipitate.

Answer 21

A solid that settles out of solution

Question 22

What are the names of all the families we have learned about?

Answer 22

Noble gases, Transition metals, Halogens, Alkali metals, Alkali earth metals

Question 23

What is metal reactivity?

Answer 23

is where they easily lose electrons when they come in contact with another substance normally water or acids.

Question 24

what is an ion?

Answer 24

an ion is a charged atom or molecule

Question 25

what is a cation?

Answer 25

a positively charged ion

Question 26

what is an anion?

Answer 26

a negatively charged ion

Question 27

Atoms that lose electrons will have what?

Answer 27

a positive charge

Question 28

what is an ionic compound?

Answer 28

any large group of chemical compounds consisting of oppositely charged ions.

Question 29

Why do non-metals need to bond with metals?

Answer 29

because metals want to lose electrons whereas non-metals want to gain electrons

Question 30

what is a solvent?

Answer 30

the liquid used to dissolve.

Question 31

what is electronegative?

Answer 31

the tendency of an atom to attract electron in a molecule