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Physics 2 > Physics 12-14 Final > Flashcards

Physics 12-14 Final Flashcards

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1
Q

Lateral resolution does not improve with multi-focusing. Tor F

A

False

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2
Q

Imaging depth and frame rate are directly related. Tor F

A

True

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3
Q 
On the annular phased array tranducer, which part of the beam is used for the information?
A. all of it
B. near zone
C. far zone
D. focal zone
A

D. focal zone

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4
Q 
100 x 1/1000 second = 1/10 sec What is the frame rate?
A. 1Hz
B. .1Hz
C. 10 Hz
D. 100 Hz
A

C. 10 Hz

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5
Q

Temporal resolution pertains to
A. accuracy in time
B. the abilityto distinctly identify 2 structures that are very close together when they are sided by side
C. the ability to distinctly identify 2 structures when they are in front of each other

A

A. accuracy in time

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6
Q

Frame rate is determined by what 2 things?
A. depth of imaging and lateral resolution
B. sounds speed in the medium and the depth of imaging
C. sounds speed in the medium and sector size

A

B. sounds speed in the medium and the depth of imaging

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7
Q

Rendering creates an image from __________ data acquired during the US exam.
A. 3-D
B. 2-D
C. 4-D

A

A. 3-D

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8
Q

When you excite the innstals and progressively excite the outer crystals to diminish lobe artifact, this is called
A. side lobe artifact
B. apodization
C. subdicing

A

B. apodization

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9
Q

The sonographer can control the number of pulses in each picture. Tor F

A

True

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10
Q

Sector size is also called
A. multi-focusing
B. Field of view
C. line density

A

B. field of view

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11
Q 
A sonographer increases the line density from line per degree of sector to 5 lines per degree of sector. What is the most likely consequence of the action?
A. temporal resolution decreases
B. imaging quality decreases 
C. frame rate increases
D. temporal resolution increases
A

A. Temporal resolution decreases

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12
Q 
The linear sequential array trnsducers have crystals that are \_\_\_\_\_\_ wavelength in width.
A. 1
B. 1.5
C. 2
D. .5
A

A. 1

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13
Q 
All the following decrease temporal resolution except:
A. deeper imaging
B. multi focus
C. lower frame rate
D. narrower sector
A

D. narrower sector

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14
Q 
All the following will cause low line density except:
A. fewer pulses per frame
B. tightly packed lines
C. higher frame rate
D. shorter T frame
A

B. tightly packed lines

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15
Q

What is the unit for frame rate?
A. dB
B. cm
C. Hz

A

C. hz

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16
Q 
Which of the following is best described as mechanically steered and multi-focus
A. linear phased trans.
B. mechanical trans.
C. annular sequential array trans.
D. annular phased array trans.
A

D. annular phased array trans.

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17
Q

The image shape for convex image will be rectangle. Tor F

A

False

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18
Q

Temporal resolution is reduced when few images are displayed per second. TorF

A

True

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19
Q

Is the sonographer able to change the spacing between sound beams. Tor F

A

True

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20
Q 
With high line density, each image contains more detail, this known as 
A. improved temporal resolution
B. improved line density
C. improved spatial resolution
D. improved sector size
A

C. improved spatial resolution

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21
Q

A linear phased array transducer has 128 crystals. How many of these crystals are fired to create a single sound beam?
A. 128
B. 1
C. a small group

A

A. 128

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22
Q

With vector array images, the top of the image is
A. flat
B. convex

A

A. flat

23
Q

When one ring of the annular array transducer malfunctions, the entire image is lost. Tor F

A

False

24
Q

Mechanical transducers have only one active element. The shape of the element resembles a
A. coin
B. bull’s eye
C. rectangle

A

A.coin

25
Q

When one element in a linear sequential array is damaged, only the portion of the image extending directly below the damaged element is affected. Tor F

A

True

26
Q

The image created by a linear phased array is a
A. fan shaped
B. rectangular shaped
C blunted sector shaped

A

A. fan shaped

27
Q

Trendy way of describing real time 3-D imaging
A. 4-D
B. 2-D
C. 2-D array

A

A. 4-D

28
Q

With annular phased array transducers, electronic steering creates the 2-D image. Tor F

A

False

29
Q

If a spike pattern has a straight line on a linear phased array, is the beam Focused or Unfocused

A

Unfocused

30
Q

Can linear sequential array sound beams be steered electronically?

A

Yes

31
Q

In convex sequential arrays, all the crystals are fired simultaneously to create each sound beam. Tor F

A

False

32
Q

Slice thickness is also called elevational resolution. Tor F

A

True

33
Q

Side lobe artifact will
A. degrade lateral resolution
B. improve lateral resolution

A

A. degrade lateral resolution

34
Q

When crystals are divided into a group of smaller crystals called sub-elements and are electrically joined and act as a single crystal to reduce grating lobes, this is called
A. subdicing
B. apodization
C. resolution

A

A. subdicing

35
Q

Is patient exposure levels to ultrasound energy altered when the sonographer changes amplification?

A

No

36
Q

Smoothing converts all negative voltages into positive voltages. Tor F

A

False

37
Q 
Which does not belong as a major component in the ultrasound system
A. master synchronizer
B. transducer
C. switch
D. pulser and beam former
A

Switch

38
Q

When signal-to-noise ratio is high, the signal is much stronger than the noise and the image is of high quality. Tor F

A

True

39
Q 
In the amplification process, the typical values are measured in dB. The range is 
A. 50-80dB
B. 60-100dB
C.60-90dB
D. 50-100dB
A

B 60-100dB

40
Q

Compensation is performed twice. Tor F

A

False

41
Q 
This allows the sonographerto control whether the low-level gray scale information within the data will appear on the displayed imag. 
A. demodulation
B. reject
C. compression
D. compensation
A

B. reject

42
Q

What does ALARA mean

A

As low as reasonably achievable

43
Q 
Place these functions in the order in which the ultrasound system performs them
A. Reject
B. amplification
C. demodulation
D. compensation
E. compression
A 
B. amplification
D. compensation
E. compression
C. demodulation
A. reject
44
Q 
Receiver gain is called
A. demodulation
B. reject
C. amplification
D. spatial resolution
A

C. amplification

45
Q

Can the sonographer change demodulation?

A

No

46
Q

All electrical signals in the receiver are affected ______ by amplification
A. partially
B. identically

A

B. identically

47
Q

Preamplification occurs as close to the active element as is practical, often
A. in the display
B. in the master synchronizer
C. in the transducer

A

C. in transducer

48
Q

The pulser creates electrical signals that excite the PZT crystals and create sound beams. When pulser voltage is high, the transducer’ active element vibrates more forcefully and transmits stronger sound beams into the body. Tor F

A

True

49
Q 
Another name for pulser voltage is
A. log compression
B. threshold
C. receiver gain
D. transmitter output
A

D. transmitter output

50
Q

Can output power alone make an image of uniform brightness from top to bottom. Tor F

A

No

51
Q 
Which of the following choices is best when the image on your ultrasound system is too bright everywhere?
A. decrease the amplification or gain
B. use a higher freq. transducer
C. decrease the output power
D. adjust the reject level
A

C. decrease the output power

52
Q 
Which of the following choices is best when the image on your ultrasound system displays reflectors only in a region far from the transducer but no reflectors in a region close to the transducer?
a. adjust the systems compensation
B. use a higher freq. transducer
C. decrease the output power
D. adjust the reject level
A

A. adjust the systems compensation

53
Q

Both levels of reject can be adjusted by the sonographer. TorF

A

False

Physics 2 (11 decks)

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