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Physics 2 > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

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1
Q

what was the process were images were displayed one frame at a time?

A

static scanning

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2
Q

what is the systems ability to create numerous frames each second?

A

frame rate

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3
Q

what is the speed of soft tissue?

A

1.54 km/s

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4
Q

what are the units for frame rate?

A

hertz (Hz) per second or images per second

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5
Q

what are the factors affecting frame rate?

A

speed of sound in the medium and imaging depth

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6
Q

______ (pertains to accuracy in time) describes the ability to precisely position moving structures from instant to instant

A

temporal resolution

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7
Q

temporal is ______ when a system produces many frames per second, and ______ when it produces few frames per second

A

excellent, substandard

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8
Q

what is temporal resolution determined by and what are its units?

A

frame rate and hertz or per second

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9
Q

what is the relationship between frame rate and time required to make a single image?

A

inversely related and reciprocals

the time need to create each image increases then the frame rate decreases

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10
Q

what are the system settings affecting frame rate?

A

imaging depth and number of pulses per frame

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11
Q

shallowing imaging ______ frame rate and improves temporal resolution, deeper imaging ______ frame rate and degrades temporal resolution

A

increase, decrease

imagine depth and frame rate are directly related

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12
Q

short go-return time, shorter time frame, higher frame rate, and superior temporal resolution is?

A

shallow imaging

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13
Q

long go-return time, longer time frame, lower frame rate, and inferior temporal resolution is?

A

deep imaging

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14
Q

how does the number of pulses in each image affect temporal resolution?

A

hight frame rates are possible when each individual image is made with fewer pulses, lower frame rates occur when each image is made with more pulses, pulses per frame and frame rate are inversely related

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15
Q

what 3 factors affect the number of pulses per frame?

A

number of focal points, sector size, and line density

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16
Q

muti-focusing ______ the frame rate, and diminishes temporal resolution

A

decreases

17
Q

one pulse per scan line, shorter time frame, higher frame rate, better temporal resolution, poorer lateral resolution is?

A

single focus

18
Q

many pulses per scan line, longer time frame, lower frame rate, diminished temporal resolution, improved lateral resolution is?

A

multi-focus

19
Q

what is the main advantage of multiple focal zones?

A

improves accuracy of the individual images, each scan has better lateral resolution

20
Q

how do you determine the time needed to make a single frame

A

T frame= # pulses x PRF

21
Q

when the sonographer expands the sector size ______ pulses are required to create an image

A

more- temporal resolution decreases

22
Q

fewer pulses per frame, shorter frame time, higher frame rate, and superior temporal resolution is?

A

narrow sector

23
Q

more pulses per frame, longer frame time, lower frame rate, and inferior temporal resolution is?

A

wider sector

24
Q

when the US system alters the spacing between sound beams

A

line density

25
Q

when lines are spaced far apart

A

low line density

26
Q

when lines are closely packed

A

high line density

27
Q

when line density is ______ few pulses create each image, the frame rate is high, temporal resolution is high

A

low

28
Q

when line density is ______ the number of pulses per image increases, the frame rate drops and the temporal resolution decreases

A

high

29
Q

what is the main advantage of high line density?

A

improve the accuracy of each individual image, each image contains more detail aka improves spatial resolution

30
Q

widely spaced lines, fewer pulses per frame, shorter frame time, higher frame rate, high temporal resolution, and poor spatial resolution is?

A

low line density

31
Q

tightly packed lines, more pulses per frame, longer frame time, lower frame rate, low temporal resolution, and excellent spatial resolution is?

A

high line density

32
Q

______ resolution improves with multi-focusing, ______ resolution improves with higher line density

A

lateral, spatial

33
Q

shallower imaging, single focus, narrow sector, and low line density is?

A

better temporal- higher frame rate

34
Q

deeper imaging, multiple focal points, wider sector, high line density is?

A

worse temporal- lower frame rate

Physics 2 (11 decks)

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