Physical: Types of Bonding & Properties Flashcards
Ionic bonding is between which type of atoms and forms which type of ion
-ve non metals and +ve metals
Describe ionic bonding
Transfer of electrons from metal to non metal, held by electrostatic attraction
Explain why giant ionic lattices have a high melting point
There is a strong electrostatic force of attraction between the many oppositely charged +ve and -ve ion so a large amount of energy needed to overcome
Explain the electrical conductivity of ionicly bonded lattices
Ionic compounds cant conduct when solid since ions are in a fixed structure
When molten the ions are free to move around to conduct electricity
Explain ionic compounds solubility
Ionic compounds are generally soluble since ions are attracted to the polar (charged) water molecules
-ve ions are attracted to slightly +ve hydrogen
+ve ions are attracted to the slightly -ve hydrogen
Explain how the charge and size effects the strength of a bond
The smaller the atomic radius the greater the charge density since larger concentration in a small space, this increases the force of attraction.
Covalent bonding is between which type of atoms, explain this bond
A covalent bond involves the electrostatic attraction between nuclei of two NON METAL atoms and the bonding electrons of their outer shells
-No electrons are transferred but only shared in this type of bonding
Name the types of covalent bonds and how many electrons are transfered
Single- 2 electrons
Double- 4 electrons
Triple- 6 electrons
Dative covalent bonding
A lone pair of electrons is donated to en electron deficient atom
How to represent a dative bond
drawn using an arrow from the donated pair of electrons to the electron-deficient atom.
Describe metalic bonding
Metal +ve ions tightly packed in a lattice surrounded by a sea of delocalised electrons
two bond pairs
linear
180
Four bond pairs two lone pairs
square planer
90
Two bond pairs Two lone pairs
v shape
104.5
Three bond pairs one lone pair
Pyramidal
107
