Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

physical science by Kate > physical science chapters 15-16 terms > Flashcards

physical science chapters 15-16 terms Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

electrochemical cell in which a chemical reaction produces electricity

A

voltaic cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A device designed to
produce an electrochemical reaction is

A

electrochemical cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the electrons lost by the oxidized atoms flow out of the cell as

A

electron current

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Chemists say that an atom losing electrons

A

oxidized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

electrochemical cell that produces electricity and has the reactants continually replenished from an outside source

A

fuel cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

a hydrocarbon having only a single bond between carbon atoms

A

alkane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

electrochemical cell in which electricity produces a chemical reaction

A

electrolytic cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the study of compounds containing carbon

A

organic chemistrty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the most common type if voltaic cell - a type of dry cell

A

alkaline cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

a device designed to produce an electrochemical reaction

A

electrochemical cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

a current producing electrochemical cell that can be recharged with electricity from outside current source

A

storage cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Reduction occurs at the

A

cathode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

a compound that contains nothing but hydrogen and carbon

A

hydrocarbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Oxidation occurs at the

A

anode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

more chemical compounds are formed with _____ than all other elements combined

A

carbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

a method of initiating a chemical reaction that would not otherwise occur by passing an electric current through an electrolytic solution

A

electrolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

nonrechargeable electrochemical cell in which a chemical reaction occurs

A

storage cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

an electrochemical cell that is designed to have the reactants continually replenished from an outside source

A

fuel cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Any solution that resists changes in pH because it contains a weak acid and one of its basic salts or a weak base and one of its acidic salts is called

A

buffer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A substance that conducts electricity through the movement of ions is

A

electrolyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

“LEO the lion says ‘GER’

A

a Loss of Electrons is Oxidation, and a Gain of Electrons is Reduction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

an atom gaining electrons

A

reduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

carbon forms __?___ covalent bonds

A

four

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

the process in which a thin coating of metal is found on an object by electrolysis

A

electroplating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

the study of electrochemical
reactions, chemical reactions that involve an electric current.

A

electrochemistry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Reactions in which electrons are transferred be-tween atoms are called oxidation-reduction reactions or

A

redox (short for reduction-oxidation) reactions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

the longest chain of carbon atoms to which the branches are attached

A

parent hydrocarbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

a major component of natural gas that uses fuel in in stoves and furnaces

A

methane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

a major component of LP (liquified petroleum) gas which is used for cooking and heating in recreational vehicles and some mobile homes

A

propane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

a hydrocarbon containing at least one or more double bonds

A

alkene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

is also used as fuel in portable stoves and fire starters, used to pressurize aerosol cans.

A

butane

32
Q

the compounds that provide most of the energy for living things and contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in about a 1:2:1 ratio

A

carbohydrates

33
Q

also called simple sugar- any carbohydrate- only have one ring of atoms per molecule

A

monnosaccharide

34
Q

relatively small carbohydrate that contains up to about 10 rings of atoms

A

sugar

35
Q

important sixth-carbon sugar found in both animals and plants

A

glucose

36
Q

in green plants the process they use to produce glucose from carbon dioxide water and the energy of the sun

A

photosynthesis

37
Q

are the compounds that provide most of the energy for living things.

A

carbohydrates

38
Q

any carb consisting on two monosaccharide molecules linked together to forma longer chain

A

disaccharide

39
Q

any of the large carbohydrates polymers formed when hundreds or thousands of monosaccharide

A

polysaccharide

40
Q

study of the chemistry of living things

A

boichemistry

41
Q

common polysaccharide used by plsntd for food storage

A

starch

42
Q

Hydrocarbons with one or more
triple bonds between carbon atoms are classified as

A

alkynes

43
Q

Carbon atoms can not only bond in straight or branched chains but also form

A

cyclic (ring-shaped)

44
Q

so named because many have pleasant aromas, have a cyclic structure with electrons that are delocalized (shared by more than two atoms)

A

aromatic compounds

45
Q

Hydrocarbons that have one or more hydrogen atoms replaced with different atoms or groups of atoms are

A

substituted hydrocarbons

46
Q

A group of atoms capable of replacing a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon is called

A

functional group

47
Q

Alkanes with one or more hydrogen atoms replaced by halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine) are called

A

haloalkanes

48
Q

An organic compound with one or more hydrogen atoms replaced with an –OH group (the hydroxyl group) is called an

A

alcohol

49
Q

Organic compounds containing the functional group
(the carboxyl [kär¶bØkÆsèl] group) are—- are very weak ac-ids that typically have pungent odors.

A

carboxylic acids

50
Q

a hydrocarbon
chain replaces the hydrogen atom of a carboxyl group;

A

ester

51
Q

is a salt containing a carboxylate ion (an anion formed by removing the hydrogen atom from a carboxylic acid’s carboxyl group)

A

soap

52
Q

organic compounds similar to soaps but capable of cleaning even in hard water

A

detergents

53
Q

Plastics and related mate-rials are made by linking together hundreds or even thousands of small organic molecules into much larger molecules called

A

polymers

54
Q

Latin for “out of nothing”]

A

ex nihilo

55
Q

god made __, __, __, __, __,

A

life, space, time, energy, matter

56
Q

the belief that the universe and life formed by gradual processes, have existed for thousands of years.- gradual processes

A

evolution

57
Q

the author of origin of species - which combined uniformitarianism and natural selection to explain the variety of living things

A

charles darwin

58
Q

the ship that darwin sailed on during an expedition around south america vand to islands in the pacific island

A

HMS Beagle

59
Q

the geologist who wrote principles of geology and proposed the idea of uniformitarianism

A

charles lyell

60
Q

the belief that the natural processes have always occured in the same manner and at the same rate they do now

A

uniformitarianism

61
Q

the principle stating that the true laws of nature always hold

A

principle of uniformity

62
Q

an early advocate of darwin’s ideas of evolution who helped those ideas obtain immense success

A

thomas huxley

63
Q

a prominent american botanist who supported charles darwin’s work

A

james dona

64
Q

the idea that God used evolution to make everything in the world

A

theistic evolution

65
Q

the merging of darwin’s ideas with the new discoveries about heredity

A

neo darwinism

66
Q

a self educated opponent of darwinism and student of the bible who rose to prominence in THe 1920’s

A

harry rimmer

67
Q

an early 20-th century creatonist who used geological evidence to argue for literal interpretation to the genesis creation account

A

george mccreedy price

68
Q

coathured the genesis flood

A

dr henry morris and john whitcomb

69
Q

the study of science, especially as it relates to the origin of the earth

A

creation science

70
Q

says there is a designer for everything we see around us

A

intelligent design

71
Q

if we took one piece away from our organs they would not work the same right way – ex. flagella

A

irreducible complexity

72
Q

one of the greatest giants of science and a firm believer in the divine creation of the universe

A

sir isaac newton

73
Q

the process by which dna is copied

A

replication

74
Q

the random change in the dna that occurs when a gene is damaged or copied incorrectly

A

mutation

75
Q

a group of techniques that uses the radioactive decay of unstable isotopes to the parent isotope half-life

A

radiometric dating

76
Q

the universe is not improving bbut dying or running down

A

second law of thermodynamics

physical science by Kate (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions