physical science ch. 2, 3, and 4 Flashcards
all matter is in _____ motion
constat
what are the four states of matter?
liquid, gas, solid plasma
What are the characteristics of a liquid?
Indefinite shape, Definite Volume, Fluid, Can not be Compressed
What are the characteristics of a solid?
Definite Shape, Definite Volume, Rigid, Can not be Compressed
What are the characteristics of a gas?
Indefinite shape, Indefinite Volume, Fluid, Compressible
What are the two factors that can change the volume of a gas?
Temperature and pressure
Endothermic change
requires energy, absorbs energy, energy “enters” the system
Exothermic change
removes energy, energy “exits” the system
which phase changes are endothermic (absorb energy) (move faster) ?
Melting, Sublimation, and Boiling/Evaporation are endothermic
which phase changes are exothermic (release energy) (move slower) ?
Freezing, Condensation, and Deposition
What happens to the boiling point of a substance when you go up to the mountains and why?
As the altitude increases, the boiling point decreases. This is because the pressurization decreases the higher you go so that makes it so the water also decreases.
Matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
Pure Substance
composed of one type of particle
Element
made up of only one type of atom
Compound
two or more different elements chemically combined
Mixture
two or more different elements chemically combined
Heterogeneous
two or more substances evenly mixed together
Homogeneous Solution
two or more substances unevenly mixed
What are the three categories of elements on the Periodic Table?
Metals, nonmetals, metalloids
What kind of change is needed to break down a mixture?
physical
What kind of change is needed to break down a compound?
chemical
Solute is the substance that is being _____
dissolved
Solvent is the substance that the solute is _______ in
dissolved
What are three ways to dissolve a solid faster in a liquid?
Crush
Stir
Heat
Solubility
the ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent
