Physical Science

Question 1

At 0 on the Kelvin scale, this is the lowest temperature attainable and occurs when particles lose the maximum amount of energy.

Answer 1

Absolute Zero

Question 2

A substance with a pH below 7.

Answer 2

Acid

Question 3

The distance between the crest or trough of a wave from its resting position, or half the distance between the crest and trough of a wave.

Answer 3

Amplitude

Question 4

Pressure exerted by Earth’s atmosphere.

Answer 4

Atmospheric Pressure

Question 5

Atmospheric pressure at sea level.

Answer 5

100 kPa
1 atm
760 mm Hg
760 Torr

Question 6

The smallest particle that exists of any given element.

Answer 6

Atom

Question 7

The mass of one atom of an element.

Answer 7

Atomic Mass

Question 8

The weighted average mass of all isotopes of an element.

Answer 8

Atomic Weight

Question 9

A substance with a pH above 7.

Answer 9

Base

Question 10

The temperature at which the molecules of a substance have enough energy to switch from the liquid phase to the gas phase.

Answer 10

Boiling Point

Question 11

Changing from one phase of matter to another.

Answer 11

Change of State

Question 12

Five phases of matter.

Answer 12

Bose-Einstein Condensate
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma

Question 13

Two or more elements chemically bonded together.

Answer 13

Compound

Question 14

An exothermic phase change that results in a gas cooling into a liquid.

Answer 14

Condensation

Question 15

The process of electrons flowing through conduction matter.

Answer 15

Conduction (electrical)

Question 16

The process of heat energy moving from a warmer object to a cooler object through physical contact.

Answer 16

Conduction (heat)

Question 17

The transfer of heat through a liquid or gas caused by hotter material rising and colder material sinking.

Answer 17

Convection

Question 18

A chemical bond formed when atoms share electrons.

Answer 18

Covalent Bond

Question 19

Radiation causing the loss of mass. The result of this process is the changing of one element into another.

Answer 19

Decay (radioactive decay)

Question 20

A measure of the closeness of particles in a substance, which is found by dividing the mass of the substance by the volume it occupies.

Answer 20

Density

Question 21

The process of particles of two or more substances moving until equally distributed and mixed together.

Answer 21

Diffusion

Question 22

The rate of diffusion is determined by…

Answer 22

Concentrations of the substances
Energy in the particles

Question 23

When the components of a substance separate and move throughout a liquid, but do not chemically react with the liquid.

Answer 23

Dissolve

Question 24

Commonly called voltage because it is measured in volts.

Answer 24

Electric Potential

Question 25

The negatively charged subatomic particles that orbits the nucleus of an atom.

Answer 25

Electron

Question 26

One of about 100 basic substance that cannot be chemically broken down into a simpler substance.

Answer 26

Element

Question 27

The ability to do work or produce heat.

Answer 27

Energy

Question 28

A property that allows for a very quick, almost instant, decomposition of a substance with the release of a large amount of energy.

Answer 28

Explosive

Question 29

A push or pull of an object.

Answer 29

Force

Question 30

A substance that has molecules that are able to flow past one another.

Answer 30

Fluid

Question 31

Fluids include...

Answer 31

Liquids Gases Plasmas

Question 32

An exothermic phase change from liquid to solid.

Answer 32

Freezing Point

Question 33

A measure of the number of waves that pass a specific point per second.

Answer 33

Frequency

Question 34

Damaging waves of ration produced by the release of photons from the nucleus of a radioactive element.

Answer 34

Gamma Rays

Question 35

The phase of matter where molecules have enough energy to break the bonds attracting them to one another.

Answer 35

Gas

Question 36

The attractive force that exists between any two physical objects that have mass.

Answer 36

Gravity

Question 37

Columns on the periodic table. Also known as a family.

Answer 37

Group

Question 38

The amount of time it takes for a radioactive element to lose half of its radiation.

Answer 38

Half-life

Question 39

The transfer of energy as the result of a temperature difference between a substance and its environment.

Answer 39

Heat

Question 40

The amount of heat needed by a substance to result in a change in temperature.

Answer 40

Heat Capacity

Question 41

A property of a substance that indicates the amount of heat that is released when one mole of the substance combusts.

Answer 41

Heat of Combustion

Question 42

The unit of measurement for wave frequency, which measures wave cycles per second.

Answer 42

Hertz (Hz)

Question 43

A charged atom.

Answer 43

Ion

Question 44

Negatively charged ion.

Answer 44

Anion

Question 45

Positively charged ion.

Answer 45

Cation

Question 46

A chemical bond formed by the attraction of oppositely charged ions.

Answer 46

Ionic Bond

Question 47

Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons.

Answer 47

Isotope

Question 48

The energy of motion.

Answer 48

Kinetic Energy

Question 49

The amount of heat that a substance will absorb or release during a phase change while the temperature remains constant.

Answer 49

Latent Heat

Question 50

A transparent object with a curved surface that causes light to bend.

Answer 50

Lens

Question 51

The phase of matter where molecules have enough energy to move past one another, but not break the bonds attraction them to one another.

Answer 51

Liquid

Question 52

A measure of the amount of matter in something.

Answer 52

Mass

Question 53

Any substance or object that has both volume and mass.

Answer 53

Matter

Question 54

The material through which a wave travels.

Answer 54

Medium

Question 55

An endothermic phase change from solid to liquid.

Answer 55

Melting Point

Question 56

An element that releases electrons and creates a positive ion.

Answer 56

Metal

Question 57

A combination of two or more substance that can be separated by physical means.

Answer 57

Mixture

Question 58

6.022x10^23 of any item.

Answer 58

Mole

Question 59

Avogadro's number.

Answer 59

6.022x10^23

Question 60

The smallest group of chemically-bonded atoms that can exist and still react and retain the properties of a substance.

Answer 60

Molecule

Question 61

A neutral subatomic particle that exists inside the nucleus of an atom.

Answer 61

Neutron

Question 62

A unit of force named after Sir Isaac Newton.

Answer 62

Newton (N)

Question 63

A group of elements in the far right column of the periodic table, known for being unattractive.

Answer 63

Noble Gases

Question 64

The center of an atom which contains the protons and neutrons.

Answer 64

Nucleus

Question 65

The units that describes the electrical resistance of a conductor.

Answer 65

Ohm

Question 66

A small piece of matter

Answer 66

Particle

Question 67

One of eight horizontal rows on the periodic table.

Answer 67

Period

Question 68

A measurement of the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.

Answer 68

pH

Question 69

A state of matter dependent on the amount of energy in a substance's molecules.

Answer 69

Phase

Question 70

A particle with zero mass that transmits light or other electromagnetic radiation.

Answer 70

Photon

Question 71

The energy an object holds due to its position relative to other objects.

Answer 71

Potential Energy

Question 72

The amount of force exerted per given area, measured in pascals (Pa).

Answer 72

Pressure

Question 73

A positively charged subatomic particle in the nucleus of an atom. Determine the atomic number.

Answer 73

Proton

Question 74

Heat energy moving from a warmer object to a cooler object through waves. It is the only form of heat transfer which does not require a medium.

Answer 74

Radiation

Question 75

The phase of matter where molecules do not have enough energy to move past one another.

Answer 75

Solid

Question 76

An energy-carrying disturbance.

Answer 76

Wave

Question 77

The study of heat and its relationship with other forms of energy, work, and temperature.

Answer 77

Thermodynamics

Question 78

Matter cannot be created or destroyed.

Answer 78

The Law of Conservation of Matter

Question 79

Involves only magnitude

Answer 79

Scaler Quantity

Question 80

Includes a magnitude and a direction.

Answer 80

Vector Quantity

Question 81

Common scaler quantities include...

Answer 81

Time Area Speed

Question 82

Common vectors quantities include...

Answer 82

Displacement Velocity Momentum Acceleration

Question 83

A study of two-dimensional motion.

Answer 83

Projectile Motion

Question 84

A measure of how difficult it is to start an object into mitten or to stop an object already in motion.

Answer 84

Momentum

Question 85

Momentum is never gained or lost, only transferred.

Answer 85

Law of Conversation of Momentum

Question 86

Momentum an object has when it is spinning around an axis.

Answer 86

Angular Momentum

Question 87

Materials that have electrons capable of moving freely.

Answer 87

Conductors