AVIATION Flashcards
The force that moves the aircraft downwards.
Gravity
The force that moves the aircraft upwards.
Lift
The force that moves the aircraft backward.
Drag
The force that moves the aircraft forward.
Thrust
The inclination of the three principal axes of an aircraft.
Flight Attitude
Three principal axes of an aircraft.
Longitudinal, Lateral, and Vertical.
Movement around the longitudinal axis is known as __________ and is controlled by the __________.
Roll
Ailerons
Movement along the lateral axis is known as __________ and is controlled by the __________.
Pitch
Elevators
Movement along the vertical axis is known as __________ and is controlled by the __________.
Yaw
Rudder
What are the six basic parts of a fixed-winged aircraft?
Wings, Tail Assembly, Fuselage, Flight Controls, Landing Gear, and Powerplant.
The main airfoils of the plane.
Wings
Surfaces designed to generate lift when moving through the air.
Airfoils
Term used to describe the curvature of the airfoils.
Camber
__________ can help change the camber of the wings to generate more lift.
Flaps
Wings with high camber have a greater __________ than wings with low camber.
Curvature
Imaginary line that equally divides the upper and lower parts of the wing so the thickness above and below this line is equal.
Mean Camber Line
Imaginary line that runs straight from the leading edge of the airfoil to the trailing edge of the airfoil.
Chord Line
Wings are commonly referred to as __________ and __________.
Cantilever Wings
Semi-cantilever Wings
This type of wing is attached directly to the fuselage and requires no need for external bracing.
Cantilever Wings
This type of wing requires external bracing for support.
Semi-cantilever Wings
Which type of drag involves friction caused by lift and increases as lift increases?
Induced Drag
Which type of drag is the result of the aircraft moving through the air and as the speed of the aircraft increases, this also increases.
Parasitic Drag
Which type of drag is the result of the aircraft moving through the air.
Parasitic Drag
The body of the aircraft that includes the cabin, cockpit, and cargo area.
Fuselage
Fuselage structures can be referred to as __________, __________, and __________.
Truss
Monocoque
Semi-monocoque
Structure typically made of metal tubing welded together to form the skeleton of the aircraft.
Truss Fuselage
A single shell with its primary structure being its outer surface.
Monocoque Fuselage
Very common today and includes both a metal frame and outer surface.
Semi-monocoque Fuselage
Also known as the empennage, is a structure at the rear of the aircraft that stabilizes the aircraft during flight.
Tail Assembly
The rudder is attached to the __________.
Vertical Stabilizers
The elevators are attached to the __________.
Horizontal Stabilizers
Also known as trail dagger, consists of two main wheels toward the front of the aircraft and one much smaller wheel toward the rear of the aircraft.
Conventional Gear
Most common configuration and consists of two sets of wheels side by side underneath the wings and a smaller wheel toward the. nose of the aircraft.
Tricycle Gear.
Is a component of the propulsion system necessary to produce thrust to propel the aircraft forward.
Powerplant
Helps stabilize the aircraft against horizontal wind. Pushes against the side with the most air pressure to prevent yaw and stabilize the aircraft.
Vertical Stabilizer
Helps stabilize the plane by preventing up and down movement, or pitching, of the aircraft nose.
Horizontal Stabilizer
The primary control surfaces are the __________, __________, __________.
Ailerons
Rudder
Elevators
What are the six secondary control systems.
Flaps
Slats
Slots
Spoilers
Speed Brakes
Trim Control System
Controls the rotation around the longitudinal axis. This is the roll or bank motion. They are on the outboard edge of the wings. They move in opposite directions of one another.
Ailerons
Controls the rotation around the lateral axis. This is the pitch motion of the aircraft.
Elevators
Controls the rotation around the vertical axis. This is the yaw motion of the aircraft. It moves side to side pushing the tail left or right.
Rudder
Located on the training edge of the wings, typically between the fuselage and the ailerons. When deployed, they increase camber of the wing. during takeoff they help create more life.
Flaps
Help reduce speed during landing
Speed Brakes
Plates on top of the wings that can be raised to reduce lift and increase drag. Often used during landings to decreased skidding and keep the aircraft down on its wheels.
Spoilers
Surfaces on the leading edge of wings. When deployed, there exists a gap between the wing and the this allowing air to flow from under the wing to over the wing. This allows enough lift while flying at higher angles of attack, making git possible to land in a shorter distance and fly at lower speeds without stalling.
Slats
Span-wise gap in each wing that allow air to flow from under the wing to over the wing. This provides lift at a higher angle of attack than what would be possible without these.
Slots
Help stabilize the aircraft in a desired attitude position without the pilot having to constantly apply control force.
Trim Systems
Describes the angle between the relative oncoming wind and chord line.
Angle of Attack
The increased lift and decreased drag that occurs when the aircraft’s wings are in close proximity to a fixed surface or the ground.
Ground Effect
