Physical Properties of Substances Flashcards
What factors influence the physical properties of substances? How does these properties reflect the intermolecular interactions? Use these flashcards for the better understanding.
How do intermolecular forces influence the boiling and melting points of a substance?
Stronger intermolecular forces, such as hydrogen bonding or dipole-dipole interactions, result in higher boiling and melting points because more energy is required to overcome these forces.
Why do ionic compounds typically have higher melting and boiling points than covalent compounds?
Ionic compounds have higher melting and boiling points because the electrostatic forces between ions in the lattice are much stronger than the intermolecular forces found in covalent compounds, requiring more energy to break.
Solubility depends on factors such as the _______ of solute and solvent, _________, _______ and the nature of ___________ interactions between the solute and solvent.
polarity, temperature, pressure, intermolecular
How does the temperature affect the solubility of solids in liquids?
For most solids, solubility increases with temperature as more heat allows the solute particles to dissolve.
How is equilibrium vapor pressure (EVP) related to temperature and the volatility of a liquid?
EVP increases with temperature, as more molecules have enough energy to escape the liquid phase.
Footnote: Higher vapor pressure indicates greater volatility, meaning the substance evaporates more easily.
