Physical Pharmacy Flashcards
The application of
physicochemical principles and laws in
pharmaceutical sciences.
Physical Pharmacy
Forces or bonds that are
“within” the molecule
INTRAMOLECULAR
FORCES
Attractive or repulsive
forces “between” molecules.
INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
TRUE OR FALSE?
Intramolecular forces are more stronger compared to intermolecular forces?
TRUE
What are the types of INTRAMOLECULAR FORCES?
- Covalent Bond
- Ionic Bond
- Metallic Bond
Sharing of electrons that are usually non-metals.
COVALENT BOND
Transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal
IONIC BOND
Formed between metals
METAALLIC BOND
Attraction of like molecules
COHESION/ COHESIVE FORCES
Attraction of unlike molecule
ADHESION/ ADHESIVE FORCES
Force by which one molecule attracts another by cohesion or adhesion.
ATTRACTION/ ATTRACTIVE FORCES
Force by which molecules repel one another.
REPULSION/ REPULSIVE FORCES
A molecule produced from an
unequal sharing of electrons in a molecule in
which there will be a region of partial
positive charge and a separate region of
partial negative charge.
DIPOLE
What are the types of Intermolecular forces?
- Van der Waal Forces
- Ion Dipole Forces
- Hydrogen Bonds
- Hydrophobic Interactions
General term for dipolar interactions and these can be dipole-dipole, dipole-induced dipole and induced dipole-induced dipole interactions or forces.
Van der Waal Forces
Occur between polar or non-polar molecules and ions like ion-dipole and ion-induced dipole interactions.
ION AND DIPOLE FORCES
Strong dipole-dipole interactions that are observed among hydrogen containing molecules in which hydrogen
is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative element
of small atomic size (e.g. F, O, N).
HYDROGEN BONDS
Force that describes the relation between water and hydrophobes (low water-soluble molecules)
HYDROPHOBIC INTERACTIONS
Occur between polar molecules in which the
permanent dipoles interact with one another.
DIPOLE-DIPOLE FORCES/
KEESOM FORCES/
ORIENTATION FORCES
Occur between a polar and a non-polar come
close, in which the permanent dipole in the
polar molecule induce an electric dipole in
the non-polar one.
Dipole-Induced Dipole Forces /
Debye Forces /
Induction Effect
Temporary attractive forces present between
non-polar molecules that results when the
electrons in two adjacent atoms occupy
positions that make the atoms form
temporary dipoles.
Induced Dipole-Induced Dipole Forces or Interactions /
London Dispersion Forces (LDF) /
Dispersion Effect
partially between charged a
dipole fully charged ion and a
.
ION-DIPOLE FORCES
Result when the approach of an ion
induces a dipole in an atom or in a non-polar molecule by disturbing the
arrangement of electrons in the non-polar species.
ION-IONDUCED DIPOLE FORCES
GREATEST TO LEAST STRENGTH OF BINDING FORCES
- Covalent Bond
- Ionic Bond
- Metallic Bond
- Ion-dipole forces
- Hydrogen Bond
- Dipole- Dipole (Keesom Forces)
- Ion-Induce Dipole
- Dipole - Induced Dipole (Debye)
- Induce- Dipole - Induced Dipole (LDF)
- Hydrophobic Bond
