Physical Health & Weight Flashcards
• What is BMI? What are better ways to determine a person’s “healthy weight?”
Body Mass Index
Alternatives: Body Adiposity Index, Waist Circumference Measurement, Waist-to-hip Ratio, Hydrostatic weighing, Body fat measuring.
• How can you measure body composition and body fat distribution?
Hydro-static weighing, Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, skinfold thickness, bioelectrical impedance
What does BMI not measure?
Fat distribution on the body
What is visceral fat?
Fat that surrounds the organs
What is subcutaneous fat?
- Fat visible under the skin
- protects muscles and bones from the impact of falls or hits.
What is upper body fat?
Accumulation of adipose tissue in the upper body (Abdominal obesity) can cause cardiovascular disease and & type 2 diabetes.
Lower body Fat?
accumulation of fat in the lower body (gluteofemoral obesity)
What is meant by “energy balance”
is the relationship between “energy in” (food calories taken into the body through food and drink) and “energy out” (calories being used in the body for our daily energy requirements).
What is Resting Metabolic Rate?
the rate at which your body burns energy when it is at complete rest.
How many excess/fewer calories are needed to gain/lose 1 lb. of fat?
3500 Calories
What are the problems with very restrictive diets?
Physical: Decreased RMR Loss of muscle & bone Drop in sex hormones Suppressed immunity Constipation Low energy / fatigue Sleep disturbance Stunted growth (in children) Changes in brain chemicals & hormones that affect appetite & mood Cognitive: Decreased concentration Poor judgment & apathy Food Behaviors:Food preoccupation Increased appetite Increased food cravings Out-of-control eating (beyond fullness) “Good food-bad food” syndrome --> bingeing Loss of body’s natural hunger/fullness cues Emotional: Depression & anxiety Reduced self-esteem Irritability & anger Social isolation
