Physical Features, Himalayas Flashcards
India has all major……
Physical features of earth, mountains, plains, plateaus, deserts and islands
India is a large landmass formed during ………
Different geological periods which has influenced its relief
Oldest landmass( peninsula part) was a part of ….. which included
Gondwana land
Included India, Australia, South America, South Africa, Antarctica as one single landmass
Gondwana land
Southern part of ancient supercontinent called Pangea with Angara land in the northern part
Geosyncline
Trough of subsidence of earth crust within which vast amount of sediments accumulate
Tethys
Geosyncline that existed along Northern margin of indian plate during paleozoic or Mesozoic era
Tethys sea
An ancient ocean that existed from 250 - 50 million years ago separating Gondwana and Laurasia
India physiographic divisons
- Himalayan mountains
- Northern plains
- peninsular plateau
- Indian desert
- Coastal plains
- The Islands
Himalayas run in a
West to East direction from Indus to Brahmaputra
Himalayas form an Arc covering
Distance of 2400 kms along Northern borders of India
Himalayas width varies from
400 km in kashmir to 150 km in arunachal pradesh
Himalayas altitudinal variations
Greater variations in eastern half than western half
Himalayas consist of ________ ranges.
3 parallel ranges in its longitudinal extent
Northernmost range = Great/ Inner Himalayas , Himadri
Himachal or lesser Himalyas,
Southernmost/outermost range = shiwaliks
Greater Himalayas ?
Avg. Height
Most continous range, have loftiest peaks( all prominent ones)
Avg. Height 6,000 metres
Great Himalayas
Composition
Snow
Composed of granite
Perennially snow bound, no. Of glaciers descended from this range
Himachal/ lesser Himalayas
Composition
Width
Composed of highly compressed and altered rocks
Avg width = 50 kms
Himachal/ lesser Himalayas
Altitude
Ranges
Altitude varies between 3700 to 4500 ms
Prominent ranges = Pir Panjal ( longest, most imp.)
Dhaula Dhar, Mahabharat.
Famous valleys and consisting range
Lesser Himalayas are famous for its valleys and hill stations
Kashmir, Kangra and kullu valley
Southermost range
Composition
How
Shiwaliks
Composed of unconsolidated sediments(coverd with thick gravel and alluviam brought down by rivers from upper courses)
Shiwaliks
Width
Altitude
Width - 10-50 kms
Altitude - 900 - 1100 mts
Duns and location?
Names?
Longitudinal valleys lying bw lesser Himalayas and shiwaliks
Dehra Dun, Kotli Dun, Patli Dun
Himalayas lying between indus and satluj
Punjab Himalayas
Punjab Himalayas regional names
Kashmir Himalayas in west and
Himachal Himalayas in east
Kumaon Himalaya lie between
Himalayas lying between satluj and kali river
Nepal Himalayas lies between river
kali and Tista
Assam Himalayas lies between rivers
tista and dihang river
Purvachal ( eastern hills and mountains )
Himalyas Spread along eastern boundary of India
Purvachal composition
Strong sandstone which are sedimentary rocks
Purvachal hills consist of
Patkai hills
Naga hills
Manipur hills
Mizo hills
