Physical exam (heart and neck vessels, vasc. and lymph systems) Flashcards
what is the purpose of the blood vessels
transportation of blood or lymph fluid, oxygen, and nutrient delivery and exchange for waste products which are transported for elimination from body
pulse
pressure wave that occurs as the heart beats
ischemia
insufficient amount of oxygenated blood in a tissue
What lab do you draw to see if someone is having a heart attack
triponin
Artery
carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to distal tissues of the body
- high pressure
vein
veins return carbon dioxide rich (deoxygenated) and waste product blood back to the heart, and subsequently the lungs
- low pressure
Lymphatic system
vessel system throughout the body managing fluid excess and plasma using a pressure gradient, so called hydrostatic pressure
lymph nodes
tissue dense areas though the body that filter fluid and pathogens
skin turgor
how pliable (stretchy) the skin is
Wells score for DVT of lower extremities
0 = low probability
1-2 = moderate
3 = high
precordium
area of the anterior chest containing heart and so called great vessels
pericardium
tough, fibrous, double walled sac that surrounds and protects the heart
myocardium
muscular wall of heart
endocardium
thin layer of endothelial tissues that lines inner surface of heart chambers and valves
cardiac tamponed
pressure on the heart
what are the two AV valves in the heart
tricuspid and bicuspid (mitral) valves
what are the two SL valves in the heart
pulmonic (right side), and aortic(left side)
What are the 3 R’s of diastole
repolarize, relaxing, refilling
where do you listen to the aortic valve
2nd right intercoastal space
where do you listen to the pulmonic valve
2nd left intercostal space
where do you listen to the tricuspid valve
left lower sternal border
where do you listen to the mitral valve
5th intercostal space, mid clavicular line
What is a bruit
turbulent blood flow, can occur within the carotid artery
What is a murmur
so called swooshing and blowing sound of turbulent blood flow in the heart/great vessels
How do you grade a murmur
1-6
what are the characteristics of a murmur
loudness, timing, pitch, pattern, quality, location, radiation
What is a stenosis
narrowing of a blood vessel
What is regurgitation
backflow of blood (leaky valves)
Pericardial friction rub
pericardial inflammation
high pitched, scratchy
Thrill
abnormal pulsation
Where can you feel a thrill
bilateral 2nd and 3rd intercostal spaces
Heave (lift)
abnormal left lower sternal border pulsation
differential diagnosis
list of potential problems that could be the source a patients ailment
