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Assessment Exam 1 > Physical Exam > Flashcards

Physical Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two most important illicit drugs we must know if the patient takes before surgery?

A

Cocaine and meth

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2
Q

QI measure for temperature post-operatively?

A

96 degrees F or 35.5 degrees C

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3
Q

Define Anthropometry

A

The study of proportions and measurements of the human body

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4
Q

What are the measurements for anthropometry

A

Height, weight, mid-arm circumference, and abdominal girth

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5
Q

Standard adult respiratory rate

A

10-18 breaths per minute

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6
Q

What should you keep in mind when taking an axillary temperature?

A

It is 1 degree F lower than core temp

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7
Q

Who may benefit for a lung cancer screening (CT scan) pre-operatively?

A

A 30-pack year smoker > 55 years old

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8
Q

How many cigarettes are in a pack?

A

20

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9
Q

What disease might one contract from faulty AC or hot tubs?

A

Legoinnaire’s

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10
Q

What are the 5 skills of physical assessment?

A

Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation, and olfaction

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11
Q

What are the three types of palpation?

A

Light, deep, and bimanual

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12
Q

How far do you depress for light palpation?

A

1-2 cm

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13
Q

How far do you depress for deep palpation?

A

4-5 cm

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14
Q

What is bimanual palpation?

A

Palpation with both hands. Commonly used to “trap” an organ such as breast tissue, spleen, kidneys, uterus, and ovaries

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15
Q

What is deep palpation used for most commonly?

A

Abdominal palpation

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16
Q

What are the three types of percussion?

A

Mediate or Indirect, immediate, and fist

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17
Q

What is the plexor and what is the pleximiter?

A

Plexor is the striking finger and pleximeter is the finger being struck

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18
Q

When is mediate/indirect percussion used?

A

When examining the abdomen or thorax

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19
Q

How do you perform immediate percussion?

A

By tapping with the fingers

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20
Q

When is immediate percussion performed?

A

On infant thoraxes or sinuses

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21
Q

When is fist percussion used?

A

To evaluate tenderness in the back or kidneys

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22
Q

How do you perform fist percussion?

A

Placing one hand flat and striking with a fist

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23
Q

What sound might you hear from an air-containing space, enclosed area, gastric air bubble, or puffed-out cheek?

A

High pitch, tympanic sound/ Loud, moderate, and drumlike

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24
Q

What sound might you hear from normal lungs?

A

Low-pitched resonance. Moderately loud, with a long hollow quality.

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25
Q

What sound might you hear form emphysematous lungs?

A

Very low hyper resonance. Very loud, with a long booming quality.

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26
Q

What will you hear if you percuss a liver?

A

High pitched dullness, soft to moderate in intensity. Thudlike

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27
Q

What will you hear if you percuss muscle?

A

Short, flat high pitch, with soft intensity and flat quality.

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28
Q

Jaundice is caused by? What can we assume from someone who is jaundiced?

A

Elevated bilirubin. Liver impairment

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29
Q

Essentially, what is cholestasis?

A

Interruption of the flow of bile from the liver

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30
Q

Spoon nails are commonly associated with…

A

Anemia

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31
Q

Clubbing of nails is commonly associated with…

A

CV/lung disease

32
Q

The combination of clubbing and joint issues is

A

RA or hypertrophic osteoarthopathy

33
Q

Which two conditions may cause brittle hair?

A

Cushing’s and PCOS

34
Q

What device is used to inspect abnormalities of the eyes?

A

Ophthalomoscope

35
Q

Horner’s Syndrome is

A

A disruption of nerve pathways in the face/eyes

36
Q

Pupil differences are not uncommon in this block

A

Intrascalene

37
Q

Define anhidrosis

A

Lack of or very little sweat

38
Q

Anhidrosis may be d/t

A

Sympathetic block

39
Q

Horner’s Syndrome most commonly causes

A

Ptosis

40
Q

What is the first reflex to be lost during induction of anesthesia?

A

Eyelash

41
Q

What is happening to the eye during stage II of anesthesia?

A

Pupil is partially dilated and there is presence of roving eyeball

42
Q

What causes the hazy blue/white/gray opaque ring in elderly patients? What is it called?

A

Arcus senilis. It is caused by the deposition of phospholipids and cholesterol in the peripheral cornea

43
Q

Where do you place the base of the tuning fork during a Rinne test?

A

Around the bone of the ear

44
Q

Where do you place the base of the tuning fork during a Weber test?

A

Midline on the top of the head

45
Q

What medication/s can be given prior to nasal intubation to minimize hemorrhage and help numb the area?

A

Afrin, cocaine, and phenylephrine

46
Q

Define leukoplakia

A

Thick, white patches in the mouth that may be precancerous

47
Q

Bright red tongue is a symptom of

A

Vitamin B-12 and niacin deficiency

48
Q

We utilize transillumination for

A

Visualization of the sinuses

49
Q

Cherry red lips are a sign of

A

Carbon monoxide poisoning

50
Q

Pallor of the lips may be caused by

A

Anemia

51
Q

Spongey gums bleed easier and may be a sign of

A

Vitamin C deficiency

52
Q

When inspecting the pharynx you do this

A

Ask the patient to phonate

53
Q

What test examines the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

A

Flexion and extension of the neck

54
Q

What do the trapezius muscles help us do?

A

Turn our heads left and right/side to side

55
Q

What conditions may cause differences in radial pulses?

A

AAA, devices, fractures, or subclavian steal syndrome

56
Q

How do you palpate apical pulse?

A

Locate the 5th ICS left of the sternum and move laterally to the left midclavicular line

57
Q

What is it called when a man’s urethral opening is somewhere other than the tip?

A

Hypospadius

58
Q

Abnormal discharge from male or female?

A

Kidney stones - often cause pus buildup

59
Q

Excess magnesium may cause

A

Loss of deep tendon reflexes

60
Q

Damage to which nerve is responsible for foot drop

A

Peroneal nerve

61
Q

What considerations do we have when performing a spinal for someone with Lordosis?

A

Avoid midline approach, as spinous processes are “stacked” on one another.

62
Q

A kid in a Cotrel cast may have trouble with

A

Ventilation

63
Q

A VAN test includes

A

Vision, aphasia, neglect

64
Q

The Romberg test

A

Tests balance

65
Q

What is included in the vision portion of the VAN test?

A

Visual acuity in the four quadrents

66
Q

What is included in the aphasia portion of the VAN test?

A

Identify two objects, repeat after me twice, and follow two commands.

67
Q

What is included in the neglect portion of the VAN test?

A

Forced gaze assessment and sensation test

68
Q

What must be completed first in the VAN test?

A

Palms up, hold arms out straight

69
Q

The pronator drift test is performed by asking the patient to

A

Hold their arms out straight, palms down

70
Q

Biceps reflex should result in

A

Flexion

71
Q

Triceps reflex should result in

A

Extension

72
Q

The patellar reflex should result in

A

Extension

73
Q

Achilles reflex should result in

A

Plantar flexion

74
Q

Plantar reflex should result in

A

Plantar flexion of all toes

75
Q

Gluteal reflex should result in

A

Anal sphincter contraction

Assessment Exam 1 (5 decks)

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