Physical Development (A1)

Question 1

What are the 6 life stages?

Answer 1

Infancy 0-2 years
Early Childhood 3-8 years
Adolescence 9-18 years
Early Adulthood 19-45 years
Middle Adulthood 46-65 years
Late Adulthood 65+ years

Question 2

What is the definition of Growth?

Answer 2

• Increase in measurable quality such as weight, height or head circumference. It’s the process of developing physically and occurs from birth to adulthood.

Question 3

How do infants learn to control movements?

Answer 3

From head to toe; an infant controls head first and then body.

Question 4

What are hormones?

Answer 4

Chemical substances which are produced in the body, transported in the blood stream to control body cells and organs.

Question 5

What are gross motor skills?

Answer 5

Movement involving larger muscles in the body / main muscles

Question 6

What are fine motor skills?

Answer 6

Smaller movements involving small muscles such as fingers.

Question 7

Examples of gross motor skills?

Answer 7

• using pedals to ride a bicycle
• skipping
• balancing on one foot
• kicking and throwing a ball

Question 8

Examples of fine motor skills?

Answer 8

• using a pencil to copy letters
• building towers with cubes
• dressing themselves
• tying shoe laces
• drawing detailed pictures

Question 9

What is the definition of primary sexual characteristics?

Answer 9

• Relates to the changes and development of reproductive organs.

Question 10

What is the definition of secondary sexual characteristics?

Answer 10

• Outward signs of the development from a child to an adult.

Question 11

What are the hormones in males?

Answer 11

• Testosterone :
  
  • stimulates sperm production
  • development of secondary characteristics

Question 12

What are the hormones in females?

Answer 12

Oestrogen and progesterone:
- responsible for ovulation and menstruation

Question 13

What is pre-menopause ?

Answer 13

• when a woman is in her 40’s, her ovaries will gradually make less oestrogen.
• lasts for 4 years but can vary
• ends when a woman has no period for 12 months

Question 14

What is the definition of puberty?

Answer 14

• the development stage that prepares the body for sexual development ; rapid growth, reaching sexual maturity

Question 15

Name 3 primary sexual characteristics

Answer 15

• menstruation cycle commences
• ovaries enlarge
• vagina lengthen/ wider

Question 16

What is the definition of development?

Answer 16

• Complex changes/ increases in skills, abilities and capabilities that people experience as they grow.

Question 17

What is the difference between growth and development?

Answer 17

Growth is referred to as an increase in measurable quantity such as weight or height. However, development is the functional and behavioural changes (qualitative) and cannot be measured. For example; language development.

Question 18

What is a milestone/developmental norm

Answer 18

• the average set of expectations for a child’s development.

Question 19

What is mean by delayed development?

Answer 19

• when a baby or child does not show development within the expected time range.

Question 20

What are 4 physical developmental milestones that a child will pass through?

Answer 20

Sitting up
Standing up
Cruising
Walking

Question 21

What are 3 key areas that are measured to monitor a baby’s growth and are recorded on growth charts?

Answer 21

• Height
• weight
• head circumference