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Developmental Psych > Physical Challenges of Old Age > Flashcards

Physical Challenges of Old Age Flashcards

1
Q

Is Degenerative Aging universal in all forms?

A

No; it is not universal in all life forms.

-example: trees grow perpetually (do not die from “old age” they die from being killed)

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2
Q

How long is the human lifespan?

A

100 years

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3
Q

Telomeres

A

Caps on the end of chromosomes (telomeres fray with each cell division)

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4
Q

Telomerase

A

Enzyme maintains telomeres (fraying of chromosomes, disrupts cell functioning~production of proteins)

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5
Q

The Aging Process consists of what 3 last steps?

A

1) Chronic Disease
2) Disability
3) Death

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6
Q

Osteoporosis (Chronic Disease)

A

Bone loss

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7
Q

Atherosclerosis (Chronic Disease)

A

Heart Disease

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8
Q

Instrumental ADL

A

trouble performing tasks to live independently

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9
Q

Basic ADL

A

incapable of performing self-care activities

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10
Q

When does the Social Economic Status health gap become visible?

A

It becomes visible in middle age

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11
Q

The poverty-illness relationship is?

A

It is bidirectional

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12
Q

Affluent people live…?

A

Affluent people live longer and enjoy better health.

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13
Q

When systematic disadvantage occurs, it limits what?

A

Systematic disadvantage LIMITS personal choice**

ex. the cost of eating healthy

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14
Q

Typical Path (based off socioeconomic status & gender)

A

30s-60s: Normal aging
60s-70s: Chronic diseases
80s:Need help w/ ADLS
90s: Death

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15
Q

If Poor Path (based off socioeconomic status & gender)

A

30s: Normal aging
40s-50s: Chronic diseases
50s-mid 60s: Need help w/ ADLS
late 60s-90s: Death

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16
Q

If Male Path (based off socioeconomic status & gender)

A

30s-60s: Normal aging
60s-late 70s: Chronic diseases
late 70s- early 80s: Need help w/ ADLS
early 80s-90s: Death

17
Q

If Female Path (based off socioeconomic status & gender)

A

30s-60s: Normal Aging
60s-late 70s: Chronic diseases
late 70s- early 80s: Need help w/ ADLS
mid 80s-90s: Death

18
Q

What could be defined as “successful aging”?

A

Living fully in the face of chronic disease;
finding meaning &Generavitity in daily life regardless of how the body behaves (self-efficacy).
-Adjusting to Chronic Disease
-Having support to function

19
Q

What are some interventions for “Older Eyes”?

A
  • use strong indirect lighting
  • avoid florescent lighting-especially on bare floors (produces glare)
  • use adjustable lighting + larger numerals
  • low vision aids such as maginfiers
  • cataract
20
Q

What are some interventions for hearing loss?

A
  • avoid high noise environments
  • carpeting in house
  • replace noisy appliances
  • face to face when talking to a person and speak loudly
  • Avoid elderspeak
21
Q

What is key to prevent hearing loss?

A

AVOIDING EXCESSIVE NOISE; rates of age-associated hearing problems have doubled since the 70s!

22
Q

How do motor abilities change in later life? (2)

A

-decline in reaction time to sensory input
-changes in skeletal structures
-

23
Q

What are some ways the skeletal structure can change?

A
  • Osteoarthritis

- Osteoporosis

24
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

wearing away of joint cartiliage

25
Q

Osteoporosis

A

bones become brittle, porous, and fragile.

women are susceptible, hip fractures common problem due to skeletal changes

26
Q

Dementia

A

any illness that produces serious, progressive, usually irreversible cognitive decline

27
Q

From the time of diagnoses to death how many years does a Dementia patient have?

A

4 to 8 years

28
Q

What is the number one risk factor for Dementia?

A

Old-old age (however it can be linked gentically; APOE-4)

29
Q

What are the 2 types of Dementia?

A

1) Vascular dementia

2) Alzheimer’s

30
Q

Vascular Dementia

A

Multiple small strokes; impaired vascular system, blood flow to the brain.

31
Q

Alheimer’s

A

nueral atrophy and it byproducts (senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles); attacks the core structure of human consciousness. first show up in hippocampus, then entire cortex.

32
Q

What are some measures to prevent Alheimer’s disease?

A

-efforts to dissolve plaques in the brain of those who already have Alzheimer’s has been unsuccessful

33
Q

Why is Early detection key kin preventing Alzheimer’s disease?

A

Able to target amyloid (fatty substance in plaques) to halt neural decay early.

34
Q

Does Alzheimer’s have a known cure?

A

No cure; and no proven effective treatment, but reccomendations- physical and mental exercise.

35
Q

What are 2 goals during the illness Dementia?

A

1) Protect + keep them functioning as long as possible

2) Provide caring + loving support

36
Q

What potential interventions can help with Alzheimer symptoms?

A
  • medications
  • use external aids like note cards to jog memory
  • focus on safety
  • nursing home w/ Alzheimer’s unit

Developmental Psych (5 decks)

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