Physical And Chemical Properties Of Matter Flashcards
What is an element?
A substance made up of all the same type of atom
What is an atom?
The smallest particle of an element
What is a compound?
Two or more elements that are chemically combined (things change form)
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
A mixture that is not uniform in composition and the substances remain separated
What is a homogenous mixture?
A mixture uniform in composition where substances are evenly mixed together and cannot be separated
What is a pure substance?
Matter that always has exactly the same composition
What is a solute?
The thing that is being dissolved
What is a solvent?
The thing that is dissolving something else
What makes a substance able to conduct electricity?
It must have dissolved ions
In order for something to boil, the ___ pressure of the substance must equal the ____ pressure.
Vapor
External
What is vapor pressure?
Pressure starting from inside the substance and pushing out.
What is external (atmospheric) pressure?
Pressure starting on the outside of a substance and pushing in.
What does vapor pressure do as the temperature of a substance increases?
Increases
When can physical properties be observed?
Anytime, it can be observed without changing the material
When can chemical properties be observed?
Only when substances are changing into different substances
What are the three steps to identify a substance?
Decide which properties to test
Do tests on a sample
Compare results to data of unknown material
What is viscosity?
The resistance of a liquid to flow
What is conductivity?
A materials ability to pass an electric current
What is flammability?
A materials ability to burn when in the presence of oxygen
What is malleability?
The ability of a solid material to be hammered without breaking
What is hardness?
The quality of being hard
What is melting point?
The temperature that a material changes from solid to liquid
What is density?
The ratio of mass/volume. Used to test the purity of a substance
What is boiling point?
The temperature a substance will boil at
What is an acid?
A substance with a pH less than 7
What is a base?
A substance with a pH over 7
What is reactivity?
How easily a substance will combine with another substance
What is color?
Different sensations on the eye resulting from how the object reflects light
What is volume?
The amount of space a substance or object occupies
What is luster?
The manner in which the surface of a mineral reflects light
What is texture?
The feel, appearance, or consistency of a surface or substance.
What is an odor?
A distinctive smell
What is transparency?
An object that allows light to pass through so that objects behind it can be distinctly seen
What is solubility?
The amount of a substance that can dissolve in a particular solvent
What is mass?
The quantity of matter something contains
What is volatility?
The ability to evaporate quickly
